Fertility
Fertility clinics under pressure to pause price rises, as cost of living crisis forces patients into debt
More than 90 per cent of fertility patients in the UK have experienced financial worries in relation to treatment

UK fertility clinics have come under pressure to pause price rises, as growing numbers of patients are getting into debt to pay for treatment.
Dr Catherine Hill, Fertility Network UK’s head of policy and public affairs, spoke of a “toxic combination” of the cost of living price hikes and the lack of access to NHS-funded fertility treatment, which could leave patients priced out of the market, with potentially serious repercussions for their mental health.
She said couples are facing “mountains of debt” and some are being pressured into making unwelcome treatment choices.
“Patients should not be facing the decision to discard much wanted embryos because they can’t afford the costs of transferring them or storing them. Patients should not be swayed into donating their eggs or having a double embryo transfer rather than the recommended single transfer in order to afford necessary medical healthcare. And patients should not be having to forego monitoring scans or genetic testing to avoid inherited conditions in order to be able to continue with treatment,” Hill explained.
“With half of UK fertility patients unable to afford to move forward with fertility treatment and others considering potentially risky options to be able to access care, this is a crisis point for fertility patients and the sector.
“It is a scandal for the country that pioneered IVF over 45 years ago and it is rooted in the lack of equitable access to NHS-funded fertility care and the continuing steep cost of private treatment.”
The charity is calling for fertility clinics to expand the financial support for patients struggling to afford treatment, urging private providers to be clear on treatment costs.
“We urge clinics to consider halting price hikes or providing payment pauses for patients facing their stored embryos being destroyed and, for those who don’t already, to offer payment plan packages.”
Clare Ettinghausen, director of strategy and corporate affairs at Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority (HFEA), said the regulator is concerned that patients are limited in their treatment choices by the cost of storage or transfer of embryos.
“Most fertility patients pay for their own treatment and this can be very expensive, as well as emotionally difficult,” she said.
“Clinics should be giving clear information about the costs of treatment, including any future costs such as storage or embryo transfer to patients before they start treatment.”
A survey by Fertility Network UK of almost 200 patients found that 95 per cent had experienced financial worries in relation to fertility treatment, with 92 per cent saying these problems had been exacerbated by the cost of living crisis.
Half of respondents said a combination of the cost of living crisis, the lack of NHS-funded help and the high cost of private care meant they were unable to move forward with fertility treatment.
One patient, who asked to remain anonymous, told the charity: “We have one frozen embryo left that we spent two years saving for. We can’t afford to have that embryo transferred. Next month the year’s freezing expires so we will have to try and find the money to pay for another year’s freezing or our embryo will be destroyed. Sadly, we can’t do anything more, we are broke.”
Prices for fertility treatments have risen in recent months, in line with inflation throughout the rest of the economy. Many IVF providers said they had no choice but to increase treatment costs to stay afloat.
Dr Suvir Venkataraman, director at Harley Street Fertility Clinic, said: “All clinics are being hit by inflation and as a result price increases are inevitable.
“Harley Street Fertility specialise in treating patients with a complex medical history who seek the optimum treatment for their condition and fertility challenges. Achieving leading success rates as a clinic often leads to higher initial treatment costs.
“Our sample storage fees had remained unchanged since we opened, 13 years ago. However, owing to cost increases in equipment and liquid nitrogen supplies, regrettably, we had to increase our fees for the first time this year.”
Venkataraman said Harley Street Fertility Clinic partnered with three finance companies to offer patients different support packages.
“We work with three partners currently to provide customers with choice and we are open to new financial products from our finance partners. However, as a boutique clinic we are limited in our options. We call on the government and finance industry to come up with improved support for patients.”
Victoria Sephton, chief medical director at Care Fertility, said: “We try and ensure that the costs and treatment pathways for patients are clear at the start of treatment by providing in depth information through our website, information events and social channels.
“We also offer comprehensive fertility assessments for both men and women for those at the start of their fertility journey. By offering patients a clear understanding of their path to parenthood from the start, we allow them to effectively manage the costs associated with their treatment plan.”
Fertility benefits providers, which have grown exponentially since 2019, are pressing employers to do more to support people looking to pursue fertility treatment.
Leila Thabet, VP of global growth at Maven Clinic, said: “Fertility benefits have already become a must-have among US employers, and we’ve started to see many multinational companies with employees in the UK embracing these benefits.
“Over 60 per cent of IVF treatment is privately funded in the UK and, certainly, during a cost of living crisis, employers who prioritise investment in this critically under-supported phase of life will be substantially easing the pressure on their employees, given the prohibitive cost of care for many families.
“Employers have historically focused on the financial aspect of fertility benefits, but there is a growing realisation that, although this is vital, it’s not the only role employers can play, as employees also lack critical, emotional and clinical support through the fertility journey.”
Jenny Saft, co-founder and CEO of the fertility benefits platform Apryl, added: “Fertility treatments can be financially demanding. In a situation where individuals are already grappling with increased living costs, the additional burden of fertility treatment expenses can be overwhelming.
“Fertility benefits play a vital role not just as a healthcare provision but as a crucial support system for couples and individuals embarking on their fertility journey. With the financial pressures that the cost of living crisis brings, these benefits become even more significant.”
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Fertility
Future Fertility partners with Japan’s leading IVF provider, Kato Ladies Clinic

Future Fertility, a Toronto-based health technology company specialising in AI-powered fertility insights, has entered the Japanese market through a new commercial partnership with Kato Ladies Clinic — a globally recognised leader in IVF research and advancing clinical fertility care.
The collaboration marks Future Fertility’s first partnership in Japan and reflects growing global demand for technologies that bring greater objectivity and personalisation to fertility care.
Kato Ladies Clinic will integrate the company’s AI-powered oocyte (egg) quality assessment tools into its clinical workflows, with the aim of supporting more informed treatment planning and patient counselling across IVF and egg freezing cycles.
“At Kato Ladies Clinic, we are committed to advancing fertility care through innovation while maintaining a strong focus on individualised, patient-centred treatment,” said Keiichi Kato, chief executive officer.
“Partnering with Future Fertility enables us to integrate objective, data-driven insights into our clinical approach and better support our patients in making informed decisions.”
Future Fertility’s platform analyses images of oocytes using artificial intelligence trained and validated on a dataset of more than 650,000 unique oocyte images.
The technology is already in use at more than 300 clinics across more than 35 countries, helping clinicians better understand the developmental potential of individual eggs and provide patients with more personalised insight earlier in their treatment journey.
From Research Collaboration to Clinical Adoption
The partnership between Future Fertility and Kato Ladies Clinic began as a scientific research collaboration in 2024, marking the first use of AI-powered oocyte quality assessment in Japan.
The collaboration not only validated the technology in a new patient population and across diverse clinical protocols — including minimal stimulation cycles —but also resulted in a peer-reviewed publication in Reproductive BioMedicine Online (RBMO) and a poster abstract presentation at ESHRE 2025.
The joint research explored how AI-derived oocyte quality scores relate to early embryonic development and overall treatment outcomes. In a retrospective study conducted at Kato Ladies Clinic, researchers analysed nearly 2,800 mature oocytes across more than 1,300 ICSI cycles, linking image-based assessments of egg quality to key developmental milestones.
The study demonstrated that lower AI scores were associated with reduced fertilization rates, delays, and abnormalities in early embryo development, increased developmental errors, and lower-quality blastocyst formation.
Notably, the researchers also found that cumulative oocyte scores were a stronger predictor of live birth outcomes than the number of eggs retrieved — underscoring the importance of assessing egg quality alongside quantity.
“Our collaboration with Future Fertility has demonstrated how artificial intelligence can uncover meaningful biological differences between oocytes that were previously difficult to quantify,” said Kenji Ezoe, senior scientist.
“Bringing this technology into routine clinical use is an important step toward translating research into improved patient outcomes.”
Future Fertility’s VP of clinical embryology & scientific operations, Jullin Fjeldstad, noted that the findings provide important clinical validation.
“Our joint research with Kato Ladies Clinic has shown how AI-based oocyte assessment can be directly linked to numerous embryo development outcomes, from fertilization through early developmental milestones and blastocyst formation,” she said.
“We are excited to see this work translated into clinical practice.”
Growing Demand for Fertility Care in Japan
The partnership comes at a time when demand for fertility treatment in Japan continues to rise.
The country performs over 450,000 fertility treatment cycles annually, making it one of the largest markets globally. Delayed childbearing and evolving societal trends have also contributed to increasing interest in egg freezing.
As patients seek more clarity and personalization in their care, tools that provide earlier insight into reproductive potential are gaining traction.
“Entering the Japanese market with a partner like Kato Ladies Clinic is a significant step forward for our global commercial strategy,” said Rafael Gonzalez, Future Fertility’s VP of global sales & strategy.
“It reflects the growing demand for technologies that support more transparent, data-driven fertility care across diverse healthcare systems.”
Expanding a Global Footprint
Founded in 1993, Kato Ladies Clinic is known for its pioneering work in natural and minimal stimulation IVF and has long been a leader in clinical innovation in Japan.
For Future Fertility, the partnership represents both a geographic expansion and a continuation of its broader mission to bring AI-driven insights into routine fertility care.
“We are proud to partner with Kato Ladies Clinic, a globally respected leader in IVF and a pioneer in reproductive medicine in Japan,” said Future Fertility’s CEO, Christy Prada.
“This partnership represents an important milestone as we expand into Asia and continue our mission to bring objective, personalised insights into fertility care worldwide.”
Future Fertility develops AI-powered tools designed to generate personalised insights across the fertility journey.
Its flagship oocyte assessment technologies analyse egg images to provide objective, individualised measures of egg quality, supporting treatment planning, patient counselling, and clinical decision-making in egg freezing and IVF, while also enabling more data-driven approaches to donor egg distribution and quality assurance.
As fertility care continues to evolve, collaborations like this one are helping shape a new standard — one that emphasises earlier insight, greater transparency, and more personalised decision-making for patients navigating increasingly complex reproductive journeys.
Fertility
The 0th trimester: Reshaping the start of your pregnancy

Article produced in association with London Pregnancy Clinic and Jeen Health
For many years, formal clinical involvement in a pregnancy began at the point of confirmation, typically around eight to ten weeks.
The concept of the ‘0th trimester’ represents a shift in thinking: that the period before conception is itself a clinically significant window, during which health optimisation, risk identification and informed planning can meaningfully improve pregnancy outcomes.
Guidance from Tommy’s and the NHS both recommend pre-conception care as part of responsible reproductive health management.
What Pre-Conception Care Involves
Pre-conception care is not a single test or appointment. It is a structured approach to assessing and optimising a woman’s health before she attempts to conceive.
The NHS guidance on planning a pregnancy recommends a range of measures including taking folic acid, reviewing medications for safety in pregnancy, ensuring immunity to rubella and chickenpox, and addressing pre-existing conditions such as thyroid disorders, diabetes or high blood pressure before conception occurs.
General pre-conception assessments typically include blood pressure and BMI review, full blood count and iron levels, thyroid function, immunity screening (rubella, varicella), vitamin D status and cervical screening if overdue.
For women with existing conditions, specialist review before pregnancy is often more valuable than specialist referral during it.
Fertility Investigations as Part of the 0th Trimester
For women who are planning a pregnancy but have concerns about fertility, pre-conception investigations provide information that informs planning rather than leaving uncertainty unaddressed.
Clinics offering 0th trimester services, including London Pregnancy Clinic, provide investigations including hysterosalpingo-contrast-sonography (HyCoSy) to assess tubal patency, follicle tracking scans, anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) testing to estimate ovarian reserve, and endometrial assessment.
These tests do not guarantee conception but they provide a clinical foundation from which fertility decisions can be made with better information.
Genetic Assessment in Pre-Conception Care
The genetic dimension of pre-conception care is increasingly central to a thorough 0th trimester assessment.
Genetic carrier screening before pregnancy allows couples to identify their carrier status for conditions such as cystic fibrosis, SMA and a range of other inherited disorders before conception, giving them time to consider their options with appropriate clinical support.
At-home carrier testing offered by Jeen Health provides access to comprehensive carrier screening without the need for a clinical referral.
Couples collect their sample at home and receive results within a defined timeframe.
When both partners carry a variant in the same gene, the result can be followed up with genetic counselling via clinics such as London Pregnancy Clinic, where clinical specialists can contextualise the findings and explain the available options.
Lifestyle and Nutritional Factors
Pre-conception health is not limited to clinical testing.
Lifestyle factors including physical activity levels, nutritional status, alcohol consumption and smoking all influence fertility and early fetal development.
Pre-conception care provides an opportunity to address these factors proactively rather than as an afterthought following a positive test.
Folic acid supplementation, recommended at 400 micrograms per day in the pre-conception period and the first trimester, is one of the most evidence-supported interventions available.
Why Timing Matters
Many of the interventions that benefit pregnancy are most effective when started before conception rather than after.
Addressing thyroid dysfunction, normalising blood pressure, treating iron deficiency anaemia, and identifying genetic risks all have a higher potential impact when managed from the outset rather than detected at the first antenatal appointment.
The 0th trimester framework provides a way of thinking about pre-conception care as a structured medical period with its own clinical agenda, rather than simply a waiting room for the first trimester.
What a Pre-Conception Appointment Might Look Like
A comprehensive pre-conception assessment with a specialist provider would typically cover a clinical consultation reviewing medical and family history, a pelvic ultrasound scan, blood tests for general health markers and fertility hormones, cervical health review if indicated, and a discussion of genetic risk including a recommendation for carrier screening if appropriate.
For couples with specific concerns about fertility or genetic history, specialist investigations can be added to this baseline assessment.
Disclaimer: This article is produced for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.
Clinical guidance referenced reflects published NHS, NICE and RCOG standards as at March 2026. Individual circumstances vary; readers are advised to consult a qualified healthcare professional before acting on any information in this article.
This piece was produced in association with London Pregnancy Clinic and Jeen Health, which provided background clinical information for editorial purposes.
Hyperlinks to external sources are included for reference only and do not represent an endorsement of any product, service or organisation.
Entrepreneur
Flora Fertility closes US$5m seed round

Flora Fertility has raised US$5m in seed funding to roll out fertility insurance across the US, with plans to expand into Canada.
The round was led by ManchesterStory, with participation from Slauson & Co., TruStage Ventures, BDC Capital, Marathon Fund, Adara Venture Capital and strategic angel investors. Existing investors include Highline Beta, Everywhere Ventures and Cartography Capital.
Laura McDonald, co-founder of Flora Fertility, said: “Fertility is one of the largest uninsured financial risks people face, yet the system today only offers support once you’re already in crisis and often only if your employer provides it.
“We’re creating a new category where fertility becomes something you can proactively plan for, not just pay for when it’s too late.”
Flora says it is introducing a new InsurTech category with individually owned, portable fertility insurance designed to address a gap in healthcare cover.
The company says it wants to shift fertility from a reactive expense to a proactive, data-driven financial planning tool, using AI, personalised underwriting and risk modelling.
The platform lets people buy coverage without relying on an employer, helping it continue through job changes and different stages of life.
Flora’s policies cover a full range of fertility treatments, including diagnostics, medications, intrauterine insemination and in vitro fertilisation, with entry-level pricing starting at about US$20 a month.
The company estimates that infertility affects one in six people globally, while treatment costs can range from US$30,000 to US$50,000, leaving the vast majority of patients without access to care.
Flora says its platform currently reaches more than 10 million prospective policyholders across North America.
The funding will be used to expand Flora’s underwriting capabilities, scale distribution and further develop its platform as it seeks to establish a new market within women’s health and insurance.
Nicole Gunderson, partner at ManchesterStory, said: “Flora is building something that has never existed before, affordable, portable fertility insurance that meets the next generation of women exactly where they are.
“The InsurTech opportunity here is enormous, and the Flora team has the expertise, technology, and vision to define this category.”
Dr Christy Lane, co-founder of Flora Fertility, added: “Fertility has always been treated as unpredictable and uninsurable, but the data tells a different story.
“The earlier someone can access that coverage, the better their outcomes and the lower their costs, which is what makes this model so powerful.
“We’re turning fertility from a reactive medical expense into a proactive, data-driven financial decision.”
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