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Hormonal health

Apple reveals findings from menstrual health research study

The Apple Women’s Health Study invites women to contribute to scientific research by enrolling via the Apple Research app

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Apple has published preliminary findings from its research study, aiming to advance the conversation around menstrual health.

The Apple Women’s Health Study, conducted with the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health and the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), is supposed to help researchers advance the understanding of menstrual cycles and how they relate to various health conditions, including persistently abnormal periods, PCOS, infertility and endometrial hyperplasia.

Looking at a preliminary analysis cohort of over 50,000 study participants, the study team have found that 12 per cent of participants reported a PCOS diagnosis.

Participants with PCOS had more than four times the risk of endometrial hyperplasia – precancer of the uterus – and more than two and a half times the risk of uterine cancer.

Additionally, over five per cent of participants reported their cycles taking five or more years to reach cycle regularity after their first period, having more than twice the risk of endometrial hyperplasia and more than three and a half times the risk of uterine cancer, compared with those who reported their cycles took less than one year to reach regularity.

These updates, Harvard researchers say, are a first step for helping people understand risk factors for these diseases, and encouraging people to have conversations with their healthcare providers about cycle irregularity earlier.

“More awareness on menstrual cycle physiology and the impact of irregular periods and PCOS on uterine health is needed,” explains Dr Shruthi Mahalingaiah, Harvard Chan School’s assistant professor of environmental reproductive and women’s health and co-principal investigator of the Apple Women’s Health Study.

“This analysis highlights the importance of talking to a healthcare provider when menstruators are experiencing persistent changes to their period that span many months.

“Over time, we hope our research can lead to new strategies to reduce disease risk and improve health across the lifespan.”

The Apple Women’s Health Study invites women from the US to contribute to scientific research by enrolling via the Apple Research app.

The study enables participants to share their cycle tracking data, along with other health data from iPhone, and Apple Watch.

The team have previously shared a number of other interim research updates that highlight how large-scale, longitudinal research on menstruation can help advance the science around this topic.

Research published in the American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology focused on cycle deviations, which can be a sign of underlying conditions including PCOS, fibroids, malignancies, or infections.

It found cycle deviations were found in 16.4 per cent of the study population, with black participants having a 33 per cent higher prevalence of infrequent periods compared to white, non-Hispanic participants. Asian participants had a higher prevalence of irregular periods.

The most frequently tracked symptoms were abdominal cramps, bloating, and tiredness, the study also found, all of which were experienced by more than 60 per cent of participants who logged their symptoms .

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News

Relaunched women’s health strategy aims to tackle ‘medical misogyny’

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Health secretary Wes Streeting has relaunched England’s women’s health strategy, vowing to stop women being “gaslit” by doctors.

Speaking before publication of the renewed strategy, the health secretary said the NHS was “failing women” and set out measures to help them access the healthcare they need.

The government said the strategy would include a new standard of care to ensure women were offered pain relief for invasive procedures, such as fitting a contraceptive coil and hysteroscopies.

Feedback would be directly linked to provider funding through a new trial, giving women more power to affect change if they have a poor experience.

Action would also be taken to ensure women no longer face long waits for diagnoses for conditions such as endometriosis, which can take a decade to diagnose.

Streeting said: “[Women] have for so long been let down by a healthcare system that too often gaslights women, treating their pain as an inconvenience and their symptoms as an overreaction.

“Whether it’s being passed from one appointment to another for conditions like endometriosis and fibroids, or a lack of proper pain relief during invasive procedures, through to having to navigate symptoms for years before receiving a diagnosis, it’s clear the system is failing women.

“Women’s voices must be central to delivering effective, respectful and empathetic care. We need to hit medical misogyny where it hurts – the wallet.

“Today’s renewed strategy will tackle the issues women face every day and ensure no woman is left fighting to be heard.”

A report last month by the women and equalities committee found that gynaecological and menstrual health had not been “sufficiently prioritised” by the government.

MPs said parts of the 10-year women’s health strategy, launched in 2022 by the Conservatives, were at risk of being scaled back or discontinued under wider changes to the NHS.

These included initiatives that had reduced waiting lists and improved women’s access to healthcare, such as women’s health hubs.

Sarah Owen, chair of the committee and a Labour MP, said: “This would be a disaster for girls’ and women’s menstrual healthcare, when it is in dire need of more support.

“It is a national scandal that nearly half a million women are on hospital gynaecology waiting lists when there are effective treatments that could be administered in primary and community care, if only they could access them.”

The report said women faced “medical misogyny” and were left to “suck it up” and suffer in pain for years because of a lack of awareness of women’s health conditions.

A redesign of clinical pathways for some women’s health issues will aim to speed up diagnosis and treatment, and there will be a review of support for families who experience repeated baby loss.

The government also promised a “single referral point” to ensure women were directed to the right place the first time they sought help.

Dr Sue Mann, NHS England’s women’s health director, said too many women were dismissed for “serious symptoms” that affected every part of their lives.

“The renewed women’s health strategy will build significantly on the work the NHS has been doing to ensure women are heard and get the specialist care they need,” she said.

Women’s health groups cautiously welcomed the renewed strategy. Emma Cox, chief executive of Endometriosis UK, said decisive action would be vital to improve women’s healthcare in England.

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Menopause

Watchdog bans five ads for women’s heath claims

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Five adverts for supplements claiming to treat menopause and other women’s health issues have been banned by the Advertising Standards Authority (ASA).

Ads for 222 Balance Me, Lunera, Minerva and Nova Menopause Vitality all claimed their products could prevent, treat or cure the symptoms of the menopause.

An advert and website for PolyBiotics implied its food supplements could prevent, cure or treat polycystic ovary syndrome, or PCOS.

ASA investigations manager Catherine Drewett said when it comes to women’s health, ‘people deserve clear and accurate information’.

She added: “Ads making misleading claims about treating symptoms of the menopause, PCOS and other hormonal conditions can cause real harm and today’s rulings hold advertisers to account.’

“We’ll continue to monitor this sector closely and we encourage anyone with concerns about an ad they’ve seen to get in touch.”

The ASA said it had taken a close look at adverts that might prey on people’s health worries, emotional concerns or financial pressures.

The regulator said it had used AI to analyse health claims in online adverts, which revealed emerging and ongoing issues around misleading claims and informed its rulings on the supplements.

The ASA said many of the claims in the adverts were ‘unacceptable’ and had not only broken a number of its rules but risked misleading vulnerable people, or steering those who needed it away from appropriate medical advice.

222 Collective accepted that wording in its adverts may have ‘inadvertently implied’ its product could ‘treat or relieve symptoms such as PMS, menopause-related symptoms, anxiety, bloating, heavy bleeding, or mood disorders’.

The company said it was a new, founder-run small business and still learning about the requirements of advertising regulations and was working with Trading Standards to ensure it did not make explicit or implied disease or symptom treatment claims.

Lunera said it accepted its claims would be understood by consumers to attribute a medicinal property to a food supplement and should not have appeared.

PolyBiotics told the ASA it accepted references to PCOS, ovulation, fertility, cycle regulation, insulin resistance and related symptoms constituted disease treatment or symptom-management claims, which were not permitted for food supplements.

Minerva and Nova did not respond to the ASA’s enquiries.

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Menopause

Non-hormonal menopause pill approved for NHS use

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A new daily menopause pill approved for NHS use could bring relief to women with debilitating hot flushes and night sweats.

Around 500,000 women are expected to be eligible for the treatment, which experts say could help those unable to take hormone replacement therapy, or HRT.

The drug, fezolinetant, also known as Veoza, is a daily non-hormonal tablet designed to target the brain signals that trigger some of the most disruptive menopause symptoms.

In final draft guidance published today, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence recommended the 45mg tablet for women experiencing moderate to severe hot flushes and night sweats.

More than two million women in the UK are thought to suffer these symptoms during menopause, often beginning during the earlier stage known as perimenopause.

For many, the effects are severe, disrupting sleep, affecting concentration and straining relationships. In some cases women are even forced to cut back on work.

An estimated 60,000 women in the UK are currently out of work or on long-term sick leave due to severe menopause symptoms, costing the economy roughly £1.5bn a year.

Research also suggests one in 10 women has left the workforce entirely because of a lack of support.

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