pain conditions
Review finds endometriosis is linked with upper GI symptoms
A new review of clinical studies has found that endometriosis is associated with upper gastrointestinal (GI) problems and higher healthcare usage.
Previous research has indicated that endometriosis is associated with upper GI issues. This study compared GI symptoms and health care utilisation in women with and without endometriosis.
The research team conducted a retrospective chart review of adult women with endometriosis compared with women without who presented for evaluation of GI symptoms to an outpatient gastroenterology clinic at a tertiary care hospital.
The results found that females with endometriosis are at three to five times greater risk of developing IBS than healthy women, with rates of IBS as high as 52 per cent, and that 37 per cent of those with IBS also had endometriosis.
The authors write: “Patients with IBS and endometriosis experience lower pain thresholds and more painful menstrual cycles than those with either condition alone. This amplification of pain experiences can increase health care utilization and decrease quality of life.”
They continue: “Once endometriosis is present in the body, it seems to have sustained effects on GI functioning. When digestive symptoms occur alongside gynaecologic symptoms, there may be a delay in diagnosis and treatment.
“Notably, nearly 35 per cent of women with endometriosis in a large sample had diagnostic delays of greater than three years from time of first symptom, and 60 per cent of women saw more than three physicians before being diagnosed, resulting in significantly higher health care costs. In our study, women with overlapping endometriosis had higher rates of health care utilisation across many aspects of care provision.”
The researchers note the study highlights the importance of evaluating for gynaecologic overlap in women presenting with upper GI symptoms including nausea or gastroparesis, and the importance of screening for gynaecologic conditions when evaluating digestive symptoms.
They state: “To reduce health care utilisation, it is essential to reduce time from symptom onset to diagnosis for appropriate treatment.”
A non-profit has launched an endometriosis documentary featuring Amy Schumer and Marilyn Monroe as it pushes for changes in how the condition is treated and understood.
The Endometriosis Collective has launched to change how endometriosis is researched, treated and understood, starting with a documentary featuring stories from people including Amy Schumer and Marilyn Monroe.
The feature-length documentary, “End of the Cycle”, will premiere in New York on Tuesday, and The Endometriosis Collective is making the film free to stream online.
Schumer, a comedian, writer and actor, has previously spoken of how endometriosis left her “on the floor in pain, vomiting from the pain, the pain that nobody can see.”
Schumer is one of several celebrities featured in the documentary. Other contributors include dancer Julianne Hough, Olympic medallist Brittany Brown and actors Janel Parrish and Folake Olowofoyeku.
The Endometriosis Collective timed the documentary premiere to coincide with the 100th anniversary of Marilyn Monroe’s birth.
Monroe, who died in 1962, starred in films such as “Some Like It Hot” and “Gentlemen Prefer Blondes.”
According to a biography published in 1985, Monroe’s endometriosis was so severe that it destroyed her marriages, her wish for children, her career and ultimately her life.
The Endometriosis Collective said the documentary shares newly uncovered information about Monroe’s experience with endometriosis.
The non-profit said the information connects Monroe’s story to the experiences of women across generations, highlighting how far awareness, research and care still have to go.
A representative of the Marilyn Monroe Estate said: “By sharing this part of her story through ‘End of the Cycle,’ we hope to honour her legacy in a way that brings visibility to endometriosis, encourages more open dialogue and helps inspire the research needed to create change.”
As part of the premiere, The Endometriosis Collective is holding a panel discussion.
Schumer, Brown and Olowofoyeku, the documentary’s co-directors Sammy Jaye and Soraya Simi, and medical experts are due to be part of the premiere.
AbbVie’s Orilissa and Sumitomo Pharma’s Myfembree are among the approved drugs for endometriosis pain.
Hough, one of the participants in the documentary, starred in an Orilissa campaign in 2017.
Supermarket loyalty card data suggests more than a quarter of women buying menstrual products also buy pain relief at the same time.
The findings also suggest women in lower-income areas are significantly less likely to do so, pointing to disparities in access to over-the-counter pain relief across England.
The study was led by Dr Victoria Sivill of the University of Bristol and colleagues.
The authors said: “The study highlights the need for greater awareness and policy interventions to address the high prevalence of menstrual pain as well as socioeconomic dimensions of menstrual pain.
“Public health initiatives should incorporate menstrual pain relief as part of broader efforts to improve health equity.”
Researchers analysed anonymised loyalty card data from a major UK health and beauty retailer, covering 211m transactions by 3.4m people between 2006 and 2015.
The study examined how often shoppers bought menstrual products and pain relief in the same transaction, and compared this with a customer’s usual rate of buying pain relief.
It found that 26.7 per cent of customers who bought menstrual products also bought pain relief at the same time.
These customers were nearly four times more likely to buy pain relief when buying menstrual products than on other shopping trips.
As a check on the approach, researchers found the most common interval between consecutive menstrual product purchases was exactly 28 days, consistent with the average menstrual cycle.
Menstrual pain is common and can affect daily activities, including school and work attendance.
Regional income was the strongest predictor of menstrual pain purchases.
Customers in the lowest-income areas were 32 per cent less likely to buy pain relief at the same time as menstrual products than those in the highest-income areas.
The authors said lower rates of pain relief purchases in deprived areas are likely to reflect an inability to afford over-the-counter medication rather than lower rates of menstrual pain itself.
Co-author Dr James Goulding said: “It is wonderful that smart data research in the UK is able to bring issues which may have once been overlooked in scientific settings, such as the sheer scale and impact of menstrual pain, to light. This is well overdue.
Co-author Dr Anya Skatova said: “Like many women, I was aware of how common menstrual pain is, but the scale of painkiller purchases alongside menstrual products was still striking.
“Using shopping data, we can see just how widespread the need for pain relief really is. This kind of evidence helps make menstrual pain visible at a population level and provides a strong foundation for systemic change in how it is recognised, treated, and prioritised in public health.”
A major genetics study has found dozens of new signals linked to endometriosis, offering fresh insight into the biology driving the condition.
Endometriosis is a systemic disease affecting around 10 per cent of females worldwide.
It happens when tissue similar to the lining of the uterus grows outside it, causing pain, inflammation and fertility problems.
Despite how common it is, the underlying causes have remained poorly understood, slowing progress in diagnosis and treatment.
In one of the largest investigations to date, researchers analysed genetic data from approximately 1.4 million females, including more than 105,000 with endometriosis.
The study identified 80 genomic regions linked to disease risk, including 37 previously unreported loci, or specific positions on chromosomes, significantly advancing understanding of endometriosis genetics.
Notably, five of these regions were also linked to adenomyosis, a related condition in which endometrial-like tissue grows within the wall of the uterus.
Beyond identifying genetic variants, the researchers integrated transcriptomic, epigenetic and proteomic data, which examine gene activity, chemical changes regulating genes and proteins, to better understand how these variants influence disease development.
This multi-omics approach linked endometriosis genetics to key biological processes, including cell differentiation, immune response, hormonal regulation, tissue remodelling and inflammation.
These findings support long-standing hypotheses that endometriosis is not solely a localised gynaecological condition but a complex, systemic disorder involving immune and hormonal dysregulation.
The study also found that genetic risk for endometriosis interacted with a range of clinical symptoms, including abdominal pain, anxiety, migraine and nausea.
This reinforces the multifaceted nature of the disease and may help explain why patients often experience a broad spectrum of symptoms beyond pelvic pain.
Such insights could improve patient stratification in the future, enabling more personalised approaches to management based on genetic risk profiles.
The analysis also identified potential therapeutic targets through drug-repurposing approaches.
Some of the implicated pathways overlap with those targeted by existing treatments for breast cancer, contraception and preterm birth prevention, raising the possibility of accelerating new treatment strategies for endometriosis.
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