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Inflammatory marker may help identify women at risk of stroke

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A new study has found hsCRP—a marker of inflammation—can help identify women who are at risk of heart attacks and strokes but are missed by current screening algorithms.

Cardiologists have long known that up to half of all heart attacks and strokes occur among apparently healthy individuals who do not smoke and do not have high blood pressure, high cholesterol, or diabetes, the “standard modifiable risk factors” which doctors often call “SMuRFs.”

How to identify risk among the “SMuRF-Less” has been an elusive goal in preventive cardiology, particularly in women who are often under-diagnosed and under-treated.

Paul Ridker, MD, MPH is a preventive cardiologist at Mass General Brigham’s Heart and Vascular Institute.

He said: “Women who suffer from heart attacks and strokes yet have no standard modifiable risk factors are not identified by the risk equations doctors use in daily practice.

“Yet our data clearly show that apparently healthy women who are inflamed are at substantial lifetime risk.

“We should be identifying these women in their 40s, at a time when they can initiate preventive care, not wait for the disease to establish itself in their 70s when it is often too late to make a real difference.”

As part of the federally funded study, researchers studied 12,530 initially healthy women with no standard modifiable risk factors who had the inflammatory biomarker hsCRP measured at study entry and who were then followed over 30 years.

Despite the lack of traditional risks, women who were inflamed as defined by hsCRP levels > 3 mg/L had a 77 per cent increased lifetime risk of coronary heart disease, a 39 per cent increased lifetime risk of stroke, and a 52 per cent increased lifetime risk of any major cardiovascular event.

Additionally, researchers released a new analysis of randomised trial data showing that “SMuRF-Less but Inflamed” patients can reduce their risk of heart attack and stroke by 38 per cent using statin therapy.

Ridker said: “While those with inflammation should aggressively initiate lifestyle and behavioral preventive efforts, statin therapy could also play an important role in helping reduce risk among these individuals.”

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Diagnosis

New meta-analysis further supports low re-excisions and high placement accuracy with the Magseed marker

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An independent meta-analysis from January 2026, pooling 2,117 patients and 2,176 Magseed marker placements, has reported low re-excision rates (8.2%) and low positive margins (7.6%) when the marker is used to localise non-palpable breast lesions prior to breast‑conserving surgery (BCS).

Al Darwashi et al. (2026) pooled 16 studies to evaluate safety and efficacy outcomes when the Magseed marker was used for preoperative localisation of non-palpable lesions prior to BCS.

The authors reported high placement accuracy, reliable intraoperative retrieval and low rates of positive margins, re-excisions and complications.

In a cohort cited by the review, Moreno‑Palacios et al. (2024) also observed that Magseed marker facilitates less extensive resections compared to guidewires, promising improved cosmetic outcomes while maintaining oncological efficacy.

The key findings

Low re-operation burden: Positive margins occurred in just 7.6% of cases, and only 8.2% required re-excision across the included series.

High placement accuracy: The success rate for Magseed marker placement showed 99.3% positioned within 10 mm of the lesion.

Of note, 96.6% of Magseed markers were placed within an even stricter 5 mm radius.

Reliable retrieval: The pooled intraoperative retrieval success was 99.6% for the Magseed® marker.

“This meta-analysis demonstrated Magseed as a safe and effective preoperative localisation technique for BCS in the management of selected non-palpable breast lesions.” Al Darwashi et al. (2026)

Ready to find out more about the Magseed marker and the Sentimag system?

→ Speak to a Magseed marker expert

→ Read the full paper here

Magseed® is a trademark of Hologic, Inc. or its subsidiaries in the United States or other countries. Intended for medical professionals and use in the U.S., UK and the EU only.

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Mental health

Lifting weights shows mental health and cognitive benefits in older women, study finds

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Weightlifting can improve memory and mental health in older women, whether they lift heavier or lighter weights, a clinical trial has found.

The study suggests structured exercise could offer a non-drug way to help protect the ageing mind.

As people age, physical abilities often decline and the risk of cognitive impairment rises.

Women can also face a higher risk of depression and anxiety later in life because of menopause, hormonal changes and shifting social factors.

Over time, poor mental health can speed up physical and cognitive decline.

Medical professionals often recommend cardiovascular and resistance training to help preserve physical independence.

Beyond building muscle and strength, lifting weights may also help protect the brain.

The research team recruited 120 women with an average age of 68 who were not taking part in any structured exercise programmes.

Before the intervention, independent cardiologists screened the volunteers using diagnostic stress tests to make sure they could take part safely.

The researchers then divided the women into three equal groups based on their baseline physical strength to ensure a balanced comparison.

The first group followed a resistance training programme using heavier weights for eight to 12 repetitions.

The second performed the same exercises using slightly lighter weights for 10 to 15 repetitions. The third acted as a control group and remained sedentary throughout the trial.

For three months, the active groups visited the university fitness facility three mornings a week.

Under the direct supervision of qualified fitness experts, participants completed three sets of eight different full-body exercises. These included weight machines and free weights, with movements such as chest presses, leg extensions, seated rows and bicep curls.

As the women grew stronger over the 12 weeks, supervisors progressively increased the weight they lifted.

This ensured participants stayed within their assigned repetition range while maintaining proper breathing and movement technique. Researchers also told all participants not to start any new exercise outside the laboratory setting.

The scientists carried out a broad set of cognitive and psychological tests before the programme began and again shortly after it ended.

They used the Montreal Cognitive Assessment to measure spatial skills, short-term memory and language processing.

The team also used several standardised surveys to track symptoms of geriatric depression and general anxiety.

Other tests assessed executive function, the mental processes involved in planning, focusing attention and multitasking.

In the Trail Making Test, the women had to connect a scattered sequence of numbers and letters as quickly as possible to assess cognitive flexibility.

In another verbal test, they had to name as many words beginning with the letter F, or as many animals as possible, within 60 seconds.

The researchers also used a computerised Stroop test to assess inhibitory control. In this visual test, the women saw words such as “red” or “black” displayed in conflicting ink colours, such as green.

They had to suppress the automatic urge to read the word and instead press a button matching the ink colour.

After the three-month intervention, both groups of weightlifters showed clear improvements in their test scores.

Their performance on the overall cognitive assessment rose, and their reaction times in executive function tests fell substantially.

The control group showed no such improvements, and in some categories their mental performance worsened slightly.

The structured exercise also reduced the severity of mood disorders among the active participants.

Scores for depressive symptoms fell by roughly 34 per cent in the lower repetition group and 24 per cent in the higher repetition group. Anxiety scores fell by more than 40 per cent in both groups.

The researchers said these improvements met the threshold for a clinically meaningful difference.

In practical terms, that means the psychological benefits were large enough for the women to notice in their daily emotional state.

The trial found no major differences in outcomes between the two repetition strategies, suggesting both intensities worked equally well against cognitive decline.

The study has several caveats that may shape future research into the neurological benefits of structured exercise.

The testing relied heavily on self-reported psychological surveys, which can be affected by subjective bias or temporary changes in mood.

The team also did not closely track differences in the women’s light daily physical activity outside the gym.

The researchers also said the social structure of the fitness programme may have contributed to the emotional benefits.

For 12 weeks, the active participants exercised in a shared, supportive environment, with regular contact with peers and supervisors.

This kind of consistent social interaction can help reduce loneliness and provide psychological relief.

Future trials will need to isolate whether different exercise durations or extra social interaction change these positive neural effects.

Even so, the results suggest resistance training could offer an accessible way to help treat mild cognitive and mood problems.

Regular weightlifting may benefit the mind as well as the muscles in older adults.

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Mental health

Poor mental health, poverty and pollution significantly raise women’s heart failure risk – study

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Poor mental health, poverty and pollution can raise women’s heart failure risk, with up to one in four cases potentially preventable, a study has found.

UK Biobank data from more than 230,000 women suggest that depression, socioeconomic hardship and exposure to polluted environments are linked to a significantly higher risk of heart failure in women.

Heart failure happens when the heart becomes too weak or too stiff to pump blood effectively around the body.

High blood pressure, high cholesterol, smoking and diabetes are among the better-known risk factors often targeted in public health campaigns.

Peige Song from China’s Zhejiang University and her team found that living in polluted areas, having poor mental wellbeing, facing socioeconomic deprivation and experiencing chronic inflammatory conditions such as lupus, in which the immune system attacks the body’s own tissues, make women more prone to heart failure.

These risks, however, are often overlooked.

The researchers found that mental wellbeing, environmental exposures, socioeconomic circumstances and reproductive history together contributed almost as much risk for heart failure as all well-known risk factors combined.

The study also found that risk rises with socioeconomic hardship and chronic inflammatory conditions such as lupus or rheumatoid arthritis, approaching the impact of conventional risk factors.

Song said: “[The study] is a call to redefine prevention in women’s cardiovascular health, integrating biological, psychosocial and structural determinants into a unified, equitable approach.

“One in four heart-failure cases in women could be prevented if all under-recognised risk factors were eliminated, assuming causal relationships.”

While completely eliminating all risks is not realistic, Song said “even partial reductions through better mental health services, social equity policies and environmental regulations could yield significant public health benefits”.

Catherine Pirkle, a women’s health specialist at the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa in the US, who was not involved in the study, said: “These calculations show convincingly that under-recognised and female-specific risk factors contribute significantly to heart failure in women, independently of the well-established ones.”

Song said: “It’s important to understand that heart health is influenced by more than just blood pressure or cholesterol.

“Factors like mental wellbeing, reproductive milestones and socioeconomic conditions all matter. Awareness and advocacy for comprehensive, gender-sensitive care are key.”

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