HPV vaxx ‘almost eliminates’ risk of death in young women – study

The HPV vaccine has cut the risk of dying from cervical cancer before age 30 to almost zero among those vaccinated at 12 or 13, research suggests.

The first study of its kind found that deaths have fallen sharply since school-age girls began being offered the jab in 2008, with around 200 lives saved in England so far.

Between 2020 and 2024, no cervical cancer deaths were recorded among women aged 20 to 24, the first time this had happened over a five-year period.

Without vaccination, around 23 deaths would have been expected.

Professor Peter Sasieni, lead researcher at Queen Mary University of London, said: “It’s incredible to think that a single jab can almost eliminate a particular type of cancer.”

Around 3,300 people are diagnosed with cervical cancer each year in the UK, making it the 14th most common cancer among women.

Human papillomavirus, or HPV, is thought to cause 99 per cent of cervical cancer cases. The virus is spread through close skin-to-skin contact.

Most HPV infections clear up without causing problems, but some can cause abnormal cell changes that may lead to cancer years later.

The study’s authors expect deaths from cervical cancer to continue falling as more people receive the jab and vaccinated generations grow older.

Cancer Research UK, which funded the research, called the findings an “incredible milestone” but warned that vaccination rates in England remained below recommended levels.

Michelle Mitchell, chief executive of Cancer Research UK, said: “We know the HPV vaccine is extremely effective at stopping cervical cancer before it starts and for the first time these findings show it is saving lives.”

Professor Sasieni, who specialises in cancer epidemiology at Queen Mary University of London, described the reduction in deaths since the vaccine was introduced as the “tip of the iceberg”.

Cancer epidemiology examines patterns of cancer and how the disease affects different groups of people.

He said: “As vaccinated generations grow older, we’ll see many more lives saved from cervical cancer.

“New research shows just how vital it is to keep HPV vaccination levels high so more people are protected.”

The UK government has pledged to eliminate cervical cancer as a public health problem by 2040.

However, the latest figures show vaccination rates have fallen below recommended levels.

UK Health Security Agency data shows that 76 per cent of girls in England were vaccinated by the age of 15 in 2024-25, well below the 90 per cent level the World Health Organization says is needed to eliminate cervical cancer.

Mitchell said: “It’s essential that the UK Government and health systems urgently address this with targeted action to reach communities where uptake is the lowest.”