Menopause
Straight talk: Why we need to talk about hormones beyond reproduction
Knowing that our hormones are fluctuating in a healthy pattern is important at any life stage

When we say hormones, we often think about the reproductive hormones testosterone and oestrogen. Very few know that hormones are, in fact, responsible for every function in our bodies.
Hormones are chemicals secreted by our glands in order to send “messages” through the bloodstream, simply letting the body know what to do to run smoothly. Indeed, they regulate growth, sex drive, reproduction and metabolism, but they are also integral to our digestive, immune, urinary, nervous, cardiovascular, respiratory and skeletal systems.
When it comes to hormonal fluctuations – during menstruation and beyond – experts agree that there is a big education gap. A report published by the female-founded cycle company Fewe found that, of the 2,000 participants interviewed, more than half believed the menstrual cycle was just one week long, while 90 per cent did not see a correlation between their hormones and their health. The same number did not consider management of hormones as an important way to improve their health and wellness.
“What really surprises me is that even us, as women, don’t understand our hormones,” says Sarah Bolt, founder of the biomarker tracking platform, Forth. “Often hormones are talked about in relation to reproduction, but they are so important to our everyday health.”
The lack of knowledge is even more prevalent in regard to perimenopause and menopause. “The two are used very much interchangeably,” Bolt explains. “We see more conversations around periods, but there’s still such a long way to go. Menopause is getting a lot of publicity at the moment, helped by figures like Davina McCall and her recent programme, but we know we need to do a lot more to educate women about the importance of their hormones, how they fluctuate and how they impact all areas of their health. It’s not just about having children.”
Her company, Forth, offers a full range of tests – from liver function tests to immune system, thyroid and hormone tests, providing detailed insights and advice on how to help your body perform to its best. MyFORM, a female hormone mapping test available to women who want to check if their hormones are fluctuating in the correct pattern, is one of them.
The test is suitable for women who want to check their fertility, identify or manage a hormone-related condition such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), but also for those wanting to check if their hormone network is healthy or for sportswomen who may be at risk of relative energy deficiency in sport (RED-S).
The idea behind the at-home test came after Sarah, working for the NHS, noticed how often women’s symptoms and hormonal imbalances were ignored. “Women were not being listened to particularly during perimenopause and menopause,” the founder tells me. “Our chief medical officer, Dr Nicky Keay, is an endocrinology specialist and she was frustrated because the tests at that time were not able to capture whether a woman’s hormones were fluctuating in the correct pattern during the entire length of her cycle.
“I myself had been going through perimenopause and I listened to all of my friends going through it. Very often they weren’t being given the correct information by GPs or they ended up being put on antidepressants. So, we decided to look at how we could come up with a solution.”
By combining blood analysis and information about your cycle length, the hormone test mathematically maps how each of your four ovarian hormones fluctuate across your entire cycle and it gives you a detailed, personalised report with next step actions.
“Knowing that your hormones are fluctuating in the healthy correct pattern is important at any life stage and for general wellbeing,” Bolt points out. “So, our bigger goal is to educate women about these hormones and how important they are to their everyday well-being. We recognise those who are on fertility journeys, but we also look at women experiencing conditions like PCOS that they may not even know about.”
MyFORM can also be particularly useful for women who are doing a lot of exercise and who can develop relative energy deficiency syndrome that causes fatigue, low energy, disordered eating, menstrual dysfunction and low bone mineral density.
“Their periods just stop completely,” the founder says. “And that really starts to compromise their health. If you’ve got an imbalance in energy in and energy out, your body will start to go into survival mode. The test identifies if there is a drop in hormones and help you understand the relationship between those variations and how you feel.”
Once they order the blood test, women need to collect a sample on day 14 and day 21 of their cycle and then post it back to the company’s lab. The results are then available on their online account within two working days. Sarah says that women are very surprised when they get the results, because they’ve never been given this kind of information before. “They find it really insightful.”
She tells me that the next step is to expand Forth beyond the UK and develop “an ecosystem” that takes care of women’s health. “I’m also hoping to raise more awareness and help women spot some of the conditions that they might have,” the founder continues. “One of the things that women don’t realise is that the drop in their hormones can really impact their bone health. That is why athletes, for example, have a drop in their hormones and get more injury-prone, because their bone health becomes compromised. That is also why many women develop osteoporosis post-menopause.
“So, we want to open up this conversation because it’s just a natural part of women’s life. There’s nothing embarrassing. Why would it?”
Menopause
Enter the menopause innovation award before it’s too late

If you are working in menopause care and have not yet entered the Femtech World Awards, you have until this Friday, 17 April, to put your work forward.
The award celebrates those leading the way in reshaping how menopause is understood and supported across healthcare and society.
The winner will have demonstrated exceptional innovation in addressing the health, wellbeing and quality of life needs of people going through this transition.
Judges will assess impact, inclusivity, accessibility and the ability to challenge stigma while delivering meaningful, real-world solutions.
The scope is intentionally broad.
Whether you have developed a digital platform, a diagnostic tool, a pharmaceutical or non-pharmaceutical treatment, a workplace support programme or something that does not sit neatly within a single category, if your work is improving the menopause experience, this award is for you.
Who is behind the award
The category is sponsored by Cross-Border Impact Ventures (CBIV), an impact venture capital firm investing in early growth stage health technology companies across medical devices, diagnostics, therapeutics and digital health.
Every company CBIV supports must show relevance to women’s, children’s and adolescents’ health, with the ambition to scale into emerging markets.
Annie Thériault, managing partner at Cross-Border Impact Ventures, said: “Being part of the FemTech World Awards gives us a front-row seat to the most exciting breakthroughs in women’s health.
“It’s a powerful way to stay connected to the pulse of innovation and the future of care.”
What you stand to gain
Entry is free.
Every shortlisted organisation receives extensive coverage across all Femtech World platforms, placing your innovation in front of a global audience of investors, clinicians, industry leaders and potential partners.
The winner also receives a trophy and a dedicated interview.
The deadline is this Friday
Nominations and entries close on 17 April.
After that, the Femtech World team will shortlist the strongest submissions, with the final decision made by a representative from CBIV.
Find out more about the awards and enter for free here.
Menopause
Premature menopause raises long-term heart risk by 40%, study finds

Women who enter natural menopause before age 40 face about a 40 per cent higher lifetime risk of developing coronary heart disease than women who experience menopause later, according to a large study that is the first to calculate lifetime heart risk associated with premature menopause.
The findings suggest that doctors should routinely ask women about age at menopause, using the menopausal transition as an opportunity to identify higher-risk women and intervene earlier.
Dr Priya Freaney is assistant professor of medicine in the division of cardiology at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine.
She said: “When menopause happens before age 40, women still have more than half of their life expectancy ahead of them.
“Understanding their cumulative lifetime risk of blockage-related heart disease is critical.”
Coronary heart disease is a condition where the heart’s arteries become blocked or narrowed by a buildup of fatty deposits called plaque.
By restricting blood flow to the heart, these plaques can lead to sudden events (heart attacks) or gradual damage (weakened heart muscle).
The study of more than 10,000 U.S. women followed for decades also found that premature menopause was three times more common among Black women than white women (15.5 per cent vs. 4.8 per cent).
According to Freaney, the disparity likely reflects a complex mix of life-course exposures, health conditions and structural inequities rather than solely inherent biological differences.
Freaney and colleagues analysed data from 10,036 postmenopausal Black and white women who participated in six long-running U.S. studies, including the Framingham Heart Study, Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study and the Women’s Health Initiative.
The women were followed between 1964 and 2018.
During that time, the Northwestern scientists found more than 1,000 cases of coronary heart disease events in the data, including fatal and non-fatal heart attacks.
Even after accounting for cardiovascular risk factors such as smoking, obesity, hypertension and diabetes, premature menopause was associated with 41 per cent higher risk of coronary heart disease for Black women and 39 per cent increased risk for white women.
The scientists note in the study that the causes of premature menopause are not fully understood and are likely multifactorial.
Potential contributors include genetic, biological and environmental factors, as well as earlier age of the first menstrual period, health behaviors (such as smoking), obesity and the cumulative effects of chronic stress.
It is also unclear whether the menopausal transition itself creates a vascular environment that promotes disease, or whether women who experience premature menopause already have an underlying risk profile that predisposes them to both premature menopause and cardiovascular disease.
Even at the average age, menopause’s hormonal changes can affect cardiovascular health.
During menopause, declining estrogen levels trigger changes that increase coronary heart disease risk.
“As the natural estrogen declines, no matter what age it happens in, cholesterol and blood pressure go up, body fat distribution shifts to the abdomen, muscle mass gets lower, blood sugars can become dysregulated and arteries stiffen,” said Freaney, who also is director of the Women’s Heart Care Program at Northwestern Medicine Bluhm Cardiovascular Institute.
“Together, these changes over a short period increase the risk of heart disease.”
Freaney said women who experience premature menopause should think of it as an early signal to take their heart health seriously.
“Tell yourself: I have to be far more proactive than my neighbor about my own heart health,” Freaney said.
“The vast majority of heart disease is preventable, but people need to know that they’re at risk early in life because effective prevention takes decades.
“Tell your doctor, ‘I experienced premature menopause. What can we do to protect my heart?’” she suggests.
The findings also highlight a gap in how menopause is discussed in medical care, according to Freaney.
“All clinicians need to get comfortable asking about menopause because we have estrogen receptors from our head to our toes.”
For years, menopause has largely been treated as a gynecologic issue, she said. But the hormonal transition affects nearly every system in the body, including the cardiovascular system.
That means cardiovascular clinicians should routinely ask about menopause history when assessing long-term cardiovascular risk.
“Historically, women have been vastly understudied in cardiovascular science, and we still have much to learn about how menopause influences heart health,” Freaney said.
Menopause
Cardiff opens its first women’s health hub as nationwide rollout begins

Cardiff’s first women’s health hub has opened, offering specialist perimenopause and menopause support for women aged 40 to 65.
Minister for mental health and wellbeing Sarah Murphy visited the East Cardiff Menopause Hub this week to learn about the new service, which brings together patient-centred advice, treatment and community support under one roof.
The hub forms part of a Wales-wide network of pathfinder women’s health hubs established during the first phase of delivering the Women’s Health Plan.
Women registered with one of the East Cardiff GP Cluster practices will be able to access extended 20-minute consultations, available face-to-face, by telephone or online, with GPs who have specialist experience in menopause care.
Practice nurses will also provide broader healthcare support, including blood pressure checks, lifestyle advice and guidance on hormone replacement therapy.
A Menopause Café, open to women of all ages, will offer a welcoming community space to share experiences and ask questions.
Sarah Murphy said: “It was fantastic to visit the Maelfa hub and see first-hand how Cardiff and Vale University Health Board is bringing high-quality, compassionate care closer to home for women in East Cardiff.
“Women’s health hubs will make it easier for women in Wales to get care when they need it.
“As the pathfinder hubs are rolled out, we’ll be listening to women’s feedback and adapting to make sure we are building a health service which meets the needs of women and girls, now and for generations to come.”
By March, every health board in Wales will have a pathfinder women’s health hub. Each health board has received an additional £300,000 this financial year to support their development.
The hubs form part of the Women’s Health Plan, which includes more than 60 actions to close the gender health gap and is based on feedback from around 4,000 women across Wales.
Dr Claire Beynon, executive director of public health at Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, said: “Too many women feel unsupported or unheard when seeking help for the symptoms of menopause.
“The East Cardiff Menopause Hub is a really positive step in bringing high-quality, compassionate care closer to home, with longer appointments and specialist expertise focused on women’s health needs.
“By combining clinical care with community support, this service helps women feel informed, confident and in control of their health. It also reflects our wider commitment to reducing health inequalities.”
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