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‘Concerning’ lack of female-only medical trials in UK, say health experts

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British medical experts are raising concerns about the underrepresentation of women in clinical studies, The Guardian reports, with male-only trials outnumbering female-focused research by 67 per cent.

Healthcare professionals say they often have to make treatment decisions without enough sex-specific evidence, according to The Guardian’s analysis of comprehensive research data.

A joint investigation by the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) and the University of Liverpool gathered extensive clinical trial data. The Guardian found that although 90 per cent of studies included both men and women, male-only trials (6.1 per cent) were far more common than those focused exclusively on women (3.7 per cent).

Pregnant and breastfeeding women were even more frequently excluded, taking part in just 1.1 per cent and 0.6 per cent of trials, respectively.

Dr Amy Brenner, an assistant professor in the clinical trials unit at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), said: “It is particularly concerning that there are more male-only trials than female-only trials as, while they may be disease-specific, it is certainly not true that there are more male-only than female-only diseases.

Brenner said the imbalance could have serious consequences for women’s healthcare. This under-representation means there is a lack of evidence on the safety and effectiveness of many interventions in women.” She stressed the urgent need to address the gap to improve outcomes for women.

According to The Guardian’s findings, there were 282 male-only trials compared with 169 female-only ones. Participation by expectant and nursing mothers was particularly low—roughly one in every hundred trials.

Cancer research dominated the trial landscape, accounting for nearly a third of all studies. In contrast, cardiovascular disease—still the world’s leading cause of death—made up just 5.2 per cent. Studies on reproductive and maternal health were even rarer, representing only 2.2 per cent.

Professor Anna David, director of the EGA Institute for Women’s Health at UCL, said the “important” findings shed light on why new treatments for women’s health issues are slow to emerge, and why some women “are not getting the care they need.

There is this perception that women, pregnant women and breastfeeding women do not want to participate in clinical trials and therefore they are usually not considered as potential participants, even in phase 3 clinical trials. This is not the case,” she said.

David highlighted the lack of research into reproductive health issues as especially troubling. “Pregnancy conditions such as pre-eclampsia, preterm labour, and placental insufficiency leading to foetal growth restriction are major diseases with no current treatments,” she said.

Professor Andrea Manfrin, the MHRA’s deputy director of clinical investigations and trials, said there was a “notable imbalance” between male-only and female-only trials. “When specific groups are not adequately represented in trials, it creates evidence gaps about how medicines work for them.”

Manfrin said the regulator was working with research partners to encourage more representative studies.

Health minister Karin Smyth said the government was committed to making the UK a global leader in life sciences, developing innovative treatments “focused on the conditions that matter most to patients”.

 

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Why cardiovascular health deserves a spotlight in femtech

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When we think about women’s health innovation, certain categories immediately come to mind: fertility tracking, pregnancy care, menopause management.

These are vital areas that have long been neglected, and the femtech revolution has brought much-needed attention and resources to them.

But there’s another area of women’s health that remains dangerously overlooked, despite being the leading cause of death for women worldwide: cardiovascular disease.

Heart disease kills more women than all forms of cancer combined, yet most women don’t know this.

For decades, cardiovascular research has been designed around male bodies, male symptoms, and male experiences.

The result is a healthcare system that often fails to recognise when women are having heart attacks, misdiagnoses their symptoms and prescribes treatments that were never tested on female patients.

Women are more likely to die from their first heart attack or stroke than men, and they’re less likely to receive life-saving interventions in time.

This is precisely why the Femtech World Awards have teamed up with Women As One to create a dedicated category for cardiovascular health innovation.

With this award, we want to shine a light on the entrepreneurs, researchers, clinicians and advocates who are working to close not just a gap in care but a gap in innovation, research and recognition.

The cardiovascular health innovation award is an opportunity to celebrate this work and to call for more of it.

If you know of a company, researcher, or organisation doing groundbreaking work in cardiovascular health for women, now is the time to nominate them.

Perhaps it’s a startup developing wearable technology that predicts cardiac events in pregnant women. Maybe it’s a research team uncovering the links between hormonal health and heart disease.

It could be a community health initiative bringing cardiovascular screening to underserved populations of women.

Whoever they, or you are, submit your nomination here.

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WHO hosts parliamentary dialogue on women’s health

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The World Health Organization (WHO) welcomed a delegation of parliamentarians to its Geneva headquarters for a high-level dialogue on women’s health and sexual and reproductive health and rights.

The meeting on 20 January 2026 focused on women’s health, sexual and reproductive health and rights, noncommunicable diseases (long-term conditions such as cancer and diabetes) and global health cooperation.

The exchange was convened by the Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung and the UNITE Parliamentarians Network for Global Health, bringing together parliamentarians from Albania, Germany, Georgia, Mexico, Slovakia, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Sweden and Zimbabwe.

A central theme was the need to move beyond fragmented approaches to women’s health.

Dr Alia El-Yassir, WHO director for gender, equity and diversity, highlighted that outcomes are shaped by gender inequalities, social norms and structural barriers across the life course, requiring coordinated action across health systems.

Thirty years after the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action, a landmark framework adopted in 1995 to advance gender equality and women’s rights, Dr Anna Coates, WHO gender equality technical lead, noted that progress on women’s health remains uneven.

She called for health systems that are more gender-responsive and able to address women’s health holistically across the life course.

Parliamentarians stressed that health is inseparable from wider social and economic policies, and called for stronger links between evidence, legislation and measurable impact at country level.

The meeting also focused on sexual and reproductive health and rights, where parliamentarians expressed interest in engaging on issues that directly affect their constituents.

Dr Pascale Allotey, director of WHO’s Department of Sexual, Reproductive, Maternal, Child, Adolescent Health and Ageing, outlined WHO’s life-course approach to sexual and reproductive health and rights.

She highlighted how needs evolve from birth to older age and how these are shaped by social determinants, humanitarian crises and demographic trends.

Dr Allotey underscored the role of parliamentarians in advancing sexual and reproductive health and rights and the importance of continued engagement with WHO to support evidence-based policy-making.

The agenda highlighted cancer as a growing priority for women’s health and for health system sustainability. Dr Prebo Barango, lead for the Cervical Cancer Elimination Initiative, Dr Meghan Doherty, consultant for palliative care, and Santiago Milan, lead for the WHO Global Platform for Access to Childhood Cancer Medicine, presented WHO’s integrated approach to cancer control.

Palliative care is treatment and support that aims to improve quality of life for people with serious illness by managing pain and other symptoms.

The discussion underlined the need for sustained political commitment and domestic investment to address noncommunicable diseases.

Parliamentarians shared national experiences showing the social and economic impacts of cancer on families and caregivers, reinforcing the importance of improving health literacy, reducing stigma and delivering people-centred care.

The meeting also addressed the state of global multilateralism.

Dr Jeremy Farrar, assistant director-general for health promotion, disease prevention and care, outlined how WHO has restructured to enhance efficiency, impact and capacity to support countries.

He reaffirmed WHO’s commitment to more systematic engagement with parliaments, recognising their role in shaping health policy, legislation and budgets.

The exchange concluded with a call for continued collaboration, including through partnerships with the Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung and the UNITE Parliamentarians Network for Global Health, ahead of the UNITE Global Summit 2026 on 6–7 March in Manila, the Philippines.

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Women’s health firms face banking barriers after being tagged as ‘adult services’

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Financial services providers across Europe and the UK are incorrectly classifying female-focused healthcare ventures as high risk enterprises, placing them in the same category as weapons dealers and tobacco companies.

As reported by The Banker, research by advocacy organisation CensHERship found that many women’s wellness technology companies are being denied standard banking services and payment processing facilities because of flawed classification protocols.

The investigation found significant inconsistencies in how financial institutions assess these businesses. 

SheSpot, a British company specialising in female intimate wellness, received conflicting decisions from different divisions within the same bank.

Co-founder Kalila Bolton, who took part in the study, explained that one department initially classified their venture as “higher risk” alongside firearms and tobacco, while another branch of the same bank later said they were “fine with it”.

Similarly, HANX, a manufacturer of condoms designed to support vaginal microbiome health, faced payment processing rejection after being incorrectly labelled as an “adult services business”.

Published this week, the CensHERship analysis links these barriers to “outdated classification systems, over-compliance and cultural discomfort” that together prevent legitimate healthcare enterprises from accessing essential financial infrastructure.

The findings suggest that women’s wellness ventures are “routinely flagged, delayed, rejected or deplatformed”, outcomes that stem not from actual regulations but from financial and ecommerce systems that “default to caution” when dealing with women’s health topics that remain poorly understood or culturally sensitive.

CensHERship co founder Anna O’Sullivan said these results usually arise from unfamiliarity rather than deliberate discrimination.

“In most cases, this isn’t malicious or intentional — it’s what happens when people and systems meet something unfamiliar,” O’Sullivan said in a statement. 

“But this unconscious bias can materially affect a founder’s ability to start, grow and scale a business.”

Investment platform The Case for Her, which partnered with CensHERship on the report, described the issue through co founders Wendy Anderson and Cristina Ljungberg as a clear “market failure” when founders cannot secure basic banking relationships.

“Fixing this issue is essential if we want to unlock one of the most promising growth markets in global health,” they said.

Risk consultant Aoife Mansfield, managing director at Athrú Group and a contributor to the report, said that terms such as “vagina” or “menstrual” trigger automated alerts within financial systems because they appear on the same watchlists as adult entertainment or pornography, raising a “red flag” in the systems used by banks and payment service providers.

O’Sullivan urged financial service providers to update their internal procedures, review their risk tolerance settings and explicitly include women’s healthcare within their approved client categories.

“They could remove this friction almost overnight,” she said.

The CensHERship analysis includes findings from across the UK and Europe, based on survey responses from more than 30 women’s health enterprises and interviews with founders, insurance underwriters, and compliance and risk professionals.

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