News
Two-thirds of pregnant women miss healthy weight targets – study

Two-thirds of pregnancies involve weight gain outside recommended pregnancy weight ranges, linked to complications including preterm birth and neonatal intensive care admissions, research shows.
Analysis of 1.6 million women found only 32 per cent gained the recommended amount of weight during gestation, with 23 per cent below and 45 per cent above guidelines.
Gestational weight gain (GWG) refers to the combined growth of mother and baby during pregnancy.
The research reviewed 40 observational studies from five World Health Organization regions between 2009 and 2024.
Lead researchers Helene Teede and Rebecca Godstein say findings reinforce the need for international standards alongside lifestyle support and public health measures.
The researchers concluded: “Our findings inform and support the need for optimised, evidence-based WHO international GWG reference standards based on individual patient data, applicable across the full BMI range in contemporary and diverse global populations.
“This will build on and improve current recommendations and are essential to underpin multi-level support to improve the health of mothers and babies worldwide.”
Current guidelines from the Institute of Medicine are based on data from predominantly white women in high-income countries during the 1980s.
These do not reflect ethnically diverse populations or environmental factors driving global weight trends.
Around half (53 per cent) of participants had healthy pre-pregnancy BMI (body mass index, a measure of weight relative to height), with others classified as below (6 per cent), above (19 per cent) or obese (22 per cent).
Weight gain below recommendations was linked to lower risk of caesarean delivery and large babies but higher risk of preterm birth, small babies, low birth weight and respiratory distress.
Conversely, gaining above recommended ranges increased risks of caesarean delivery, hypertensive disorders (high blood pressure complications), large babies and neonatal intensive care admission, while lowering risks of preterm birth and small babies.
Similar patterns emerged when Asian BMI categories were applied in studies from that region.
In a linked editorial, Annick Bogaerts and Dominika Osicka said wide variation across BMI categories and regions challenges the “black and white logic” behind many clinical guidelines.
They argue for a more nuanced focus on weight gain patterns, underlying determinants and personalised, non-punitive counselling.
They wrote: “Without comprehensive, life course public health strategies, the obesity epidemic will continue across generations.
“Governments and (inter)national agencies must act now to support women’s health before, during and after pregnancy, ensuring that the next generation inherits the opportunity not the risk.”
Adolescent health
Newly-launched Female Health Hub will support grassroots football players

A new Female Health Hub launched by the English FA will support women and girls in grassroots football in England with trusted advice on health issues affecting play.
The hub brings together expert-backed guidance, practical tools and player insights in one place, giving women and girls practical advice and reassurance on female health in football.
It has four core aims: to help women and girls better understand their bodies and how female health affects performance and participation, to educate players on key health topics and when to seek further advice or support, to provide practical strategies to help navigate common female health challenges, and to help break down taboos and normalise conversations around female health in football.
Users of the hub will also be able to hear directly from members of the England women’s national team, who share their own experiences of navigating female health matters while playing at the highest level of the game.
“Our ambition is to create a game where women and girls can thrive,” said Sue Day, the FA’s director of women’s football.
“To achieve that, it’s essential that players feel supported in environments that understand and respond to their female health needs.
“We’ve heard directly from grassroots players that they want better information and support around female health, but that they often don’t know where to find it.
“The launch of the Female Health Hub marks an important step in changing the landscape.
“We want every player to feel confident in her own skin and supported without judgment, so she can feel empowered by her body, rather than held back by it.”
The platform was launched following research conducted by the FA that highlighted the need for better education and support around female health in football.
According to the FA, 88 per cent of adult players surveyed said their menstrual cycle has an impact on their ability to train or play, but 86 per cent reported they had never received education about the menstrual cycle in relation to football performance and training.
The research also found 64 per cent of women experience issues related to sports bras or breast health while playing football, despite sports bras being considered one of the most important pieces of playing kit.
Players also expressed strong interest in learning more about injury prevention, at 87 per cent, nutrition, at 84 per cent, and mental health, at 77 per cent, in relation to female health.
The first phase of the Female Health Hub focuses on three of the most requested topics: menstrual health, breast health and injury resilience, with further content to follow, including nutrition and pelvic health guidance.
Pregnancy
Women’s health strategy a ‘missed opportunity,’ RCM says
Pregnancy
Genetic carrier screening before pregnancy: What to know

Article produced in association with London Pregnancy Clinic and Jeen Health
For the majority of couples planning a pregnancy, genetic testing is not something they think about until a problem arises.
Pre-conception genetic carrier screening challenges this approach by identifying risk before pregnancy begins.
As panel sizes have grown and at-home testing options have become widely available, carrier screening is transitioning from a niche clinical referral into a mainstream component of reproductive planning.
What Carrier Screening Tests For
Being a carrier of a genetic condition means carrying one copy of a variant in a gene associated with that condition, without being affected by it.
In most cases, carriers are entirely unaware of their status.
The clinical significance of carrier status emerges when both members of a couple carry a variant in the same gene: in this scenario, each pregnancy carries a one in four chance of resulting in a child who inherits two copies of the variant and is affected by the condition.
The conditions most frequently included in expanded carrier screening panels include cystic fibrosis, spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), fragile X syndrome, sickle cell disease, and a range of metabolic and enzyme deficiency disorders.
The Beacon 787 carrier test, offered by Jeen Health, screens for 787 conditions from a single sample, making it one of the most comprehensive panels currently available to UK families.
Who Is Most Likely to Benefit
Any couple planning a pregnancy can consider carrier screening. It is particularly relevant for:
- Couples with a family history of a known inherited condition
- Those from populations with higher carrier frequencies for specific conditions, including Ashkenazi Jewish, South Asian and African communities
- Couples pursuing fertility treatment, where genetic information informs treatment planning
- Those who wish to have the most complete picture of their reproductive health before conception
Importantly, being a carrier of a condition does not mean a child will be affected. It means there is a defined statistical risk that can be quantified, discussed and planned for with appropriate clinical support.
How the Test Is Performed
Carrier screening is typically carried out on a blood or saliva sample.
For at-home options such as the testing offered by Jeen Health, a cheek swab collection kit is dispatched to the patient, the sample is returned by post, and results are delivered digitally within a defined turnaround period.
In-clinic carrier testing may use a blood draw and provides the advantage of immediate access to a clinical consultation at the point of result delivery.
London Pregnancy Clinic offers genetics counselling through its partnership with Jeen Health, allowing couples to receive and contextualise carrier test results with expert support.
Genetic counselling before and after testing is recommended by Genomics England as a standard component of any genomic testing pathway.
What Happens If Both Partners Are Carriers
If both partners are identified as carriers for the same autosomal recessive condition, they are typically offered further counselling to discuss their options.
These may include proceeding naturally with an awareness of the risk, using prenatal diagnosis (CVS or amniocentesis) during pregnancy to test the fetus, or pursuing preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) in the context of IVF, which allows unaffected embryos to be selected before transfer.
The purpose of identifying carrier status before pregnancy is to give couples time to consider these options without the added pressure of an ongoing pregnancy.
Knowledge of carrier status does not remove reproductive choices; it expands the information available when making them.
The Role of Pre-Conception Services
Carrier screening sits within a broader category of pre-conception care that includes fertility assessments, general health optimisation and, where relevant, management of existing conditions before pregnancy begins.
London Pregnancy Clinic offers pre-conception services encompassing fertility investigations, genetics counselling and carrier testing as part of an integrated 0th trimester approach, allowing couples to address genetic and clinical risk factors before their pregnancy starts rather than after.
Disclaimer: This article is produced for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.
Clinical guidance referenced reflects published NHS, NICE and RCOG standards as at March 2026. Individual circumstances vary; readers are advised to consult a qualified healthcare professional before acting on any information in this article.
This piece was produced in association with London Pregnancy Clinic and Jeen Health, which provided background clinical information for editorial purposes.
Hyperlinks to external sources are included for reference only and do not represent an endorsement of any product, service or organisation.
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