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Menopause

Weight-loss jabs may worsen bone health in menopausal women

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Experts warn weight-loss jabs such as Wegovy and Mounjaro could worsen bone health in menopausal women already at risk of osteoporosis.

Dr Jack Mosley, son of the late broadcaster and health advocate Michael Mosley, said the treatments may carry hidden side-effects for women with fragile bones.

The drugs mimic GLP-1, a natural hormone that increases insulin, slows digestion and reduces appetite. While trials show strong weight-loss results, rapid weight reduction can worsen osteoporosis – a condition that leaves bones brittle and prone to fracture.

Speaking on The Dr Louise Newson Podcast, Dr Mosley said: “We know one of the risks of GLP-1s is that a significant amount of the weight you lose is muscle or lean body mass… 25–40 per cent of the weight you lose is body mass.

“And a main component of that is muscle. And muscle is so important for longevity and living healthy independent life in later age.

“I do also have some concerns it could, in certain people who aren’t eating the right nutrition, it could actually potentially exacerbate things like osteoporosis in menopausal women.

“That period around menopause and perimenopause, your hormones completely change and the decline in oestrogen and testosterone and progesterone can have big effects on you, especially in body composition… muscle loss can accelerate and other things like osteoporosis. So we really need to approach them with knowledge and care.”

Dr Mosley said GLP-1 drugs were “powerful” but “not magic bullets” in the battle against obesity.

Common side-effects include nausea and diarrhoea, with some patients developing serious complications such as pancreatitis or allergic reactions.

Dr Martin Whyte, associate professor of metabolic medicine at the University of Surrey, said it was “not proven” that GLP-1s themselves reduce bone mineral density.

“In fact, some studies suggest these drugs may have protective effects on bone,” he said.

“Major trials found no increased risk of fractures. However, a key complicating factor is that weight loss – regardless of the cause – can increase the risk of low bone density, especially when it occurs rapidly.

“This happens because weight loss reduces the mechanical load on bones and alters the hormonal signals that regulate bone maintenance. Regular exercise, by increasing mechanical load, can help counteract the effects of weight loss on bone health.”

Around 1.5m Britons are now paying privately for weight-loss jabs, while NHS provision remains limited.

The drugs have also gained celebrity endorsement, with former tennis champion Serena Williams appearing in an advertising campaign.

Dr Mosley raised concern over a lack of awareness about the risks: “People are not provided with information about these medications.

“They are very effective but a lot of people don’t understand the risks and rewards, the side effects and how to manage them.”

Stephen Lawrence, a GP and associate clinical professor at the University of Warwick, said GLP-1 drugs were “powerful medical tools with clear benefits for some, but also real risks, especially muscle loss and potential nutritional problems, if used without lifestyle changes or medical oversight.”

“They are much more than magic bullets and should be approached thoughtfully, respecting both their potential and their limits,” he said.

“Menopause is a time of significant metabolic change, and while GLP-1 medications and hormone therapy both have roles in managing weight and health for women in this phase, they are most effective and safest when used as part of a broader lifestyle plan that includes exercise and nutritional support.

“Individualised care and evidence-based medical advice should always guide choices around these medications.”

Professor Lawrence added that women accessing the drugs on the black market faced greater risks.

Dr Mosley clarified that he was “not for or against” weight-loss jabs, adding: “They can be really beneficial for certain people, who are living with obesity and have tried a lot of these other dietary options. It is very difficult for some people.”

Fertility & pregnancy

Xella Health announces Oura data integration

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Xella Health has integrated Oura wearable data into its women’s health platform, allowing members to share trends with clinicians alongside diagnostic results.

Members can choose to share information including sleep, heart rate variability, resting heart rate, temperature trends, recovery, activity and menstrual-cycle data.

The integration is intended to help clinicians investigate biological factors that may explain changes in members’ wearable data and symptoms.

Kelly Lacob, chief executive and co-founder of Xella Health, said: “Wearables detect that something in the body has changed, but wearable data alone can’t tell a woman why or what to do next with that information.”

“By pairing continuous physiological monitoring from Oura with Xella’s multiomic diagnostics and physician-guided care, we enable women to understand how specific health concerns are impacting her biometrics, and vice versa how her daily habits are impacting her overall health and specific conditions or life stages she is navigating.

“Further, we are able to track how her relevant vitals and biometrics respond to specific interventions or treatment plans, so we can optimise her care more efficiently.

“Ultimately, this partnership helps us better address her symptoms today whilst also proactively optimising her long-term health trajectory for decades to come.”

Xella Health combines AI, multiomic testing and physician-guided telehealth care through a membership platform.

Multiomic testing analyses several types of biological information.

Xella said its testing assesses hormonal and metabolic health, inflammation, nutritional status, reproductive health and cardiometabolic risk.

Physicians use those findings to develop personalised care plans that may include clinical treatments.

Clinicians can then review shared Oura trends alongside diagnostic results and member check-ins to monitor progress and adjust care over time.

The company said providers interpret biometric data in the context of each member’s health conditions, goals and treatment plan.

The integration focuses on fertility, perimenopause, hormonal and cardiometabolic health, as well as women’s longer-term health.

Oura has expanded its women’s health offerings through integrations connecting wearable measurements with other sources of health data.

In February, it partnered with at-home hormone tracking company Mira, allowing users to view hormone test results alongside sleep, temperature and readiness data in the Mira app.

The integration is intended to help users track patterns related to fertility, menstrual cycles and perimenopause.

That month, Oura also introduced a women’s health AI model for testing through Oura Labs.

Integrated into Oura Advisor, the model combines biometric data with clinician-reviewed medical information to provide guidance on menstrual cycles, pregnancy and menopause.

In May, the company launched menopause insights and hormonal birth control support.

Its Menopause Insights offering uses a questionnaire covering 22 symptoms of menopause alongside wearable data, while birth control support helps users understand their biometric trends in the context of hormonal contraception.

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Menopause

Tech enables men to experience what a hot flush feels like

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Partners of women going through menopause will be invited to experience hot flushes using a menopause simulator at a support event in Hull next month.

Health group Over The Bloody Moon will bring one of its MenoVests to the Menopaus’ull Support Network event, allowing people to experience a hot flush.

Sarah Weichardt, who co-manages the project, said: “We’re particularly interested in getting men along to come and experience the MenoVest, just so that they can understand what women go through.

“It’s not just a hot flush, it’s what the hot flush brings with it.

“So it could be panic, it could be anxiety. It’s experiencing it all at the same time.”

MenoVest is billed as the ‘world’s first’ wearable menopause simulator – a garment worn over regular clothing that generates realistic, intense hot flush sensations while the wearer carries on with everyday work tasks.

After just a few minutes wearing it, people gain a genuine sense of what these symptoms feel like, building empathy and highlighting why better support matters during this transition.

Weichardt said she hoped the vest would give people a “better understanding of what women are going through”.

“The more people we can get to experience it, the better,” she added.

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Menopause

Short term HRT may raise blood clot risk – study

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Short-term oral HRT was linked to a 60 per cent higher rate of serious blood clots in women aged 50 to 69, a large study found.

The increased rate was seen among women using oral hormone replacement therapy for less than a year as well as those treated for more than five years.

By contrast, transdermal HRT, delivered through skin patches, gels or sprays, was not associated with the same increased clot risk.

Researchers at North Zealand Hospital in Denmark analysed health registry data from more than one million Danish women aged 50 to 69 between 2003 and 2021.

During the study period, 9,807 women experienced venous thromboembolism, a serious blood clot in a vein. A further 18,460 had a stroke and 11,974 had a heart attack.

Each affected woman was matched by age with five women who had not experienced the same condition. Researchers adjusted the analysis for other factors, including medical history, that could influence risk.

They then examined HRT prescriptions, including the dose and duration of treatment, and looked for associations with blood clots, stroke and heart attack.

Overall, oral HRT was associated with a 60 per cent higher rate of venous thromboembolism, with increased rates seen for both oestrogen-only therapy and treatment combining oestrogen with progestogen.

Venous thromboembolism occurs when a blood clot forms in a vein. A clot in a deep vein can break away and travel to the lungs, causing a potentially fatal pulmonary embolism.

Women taking oral HRT for less than a year had the same raised blood clot risk as those using it for more than five years.

Even a daily oral dose below 1mg was found to significantly increase blood clot risk.

Women taking a daily oral dose above 1mg for more than five years had an 80 per cent higher risk of both heart attack and stroke.

For women taking a high oral dose for more than one year, the study found a 40 per cent higher risk of heart attack and a 50 per cent higher risk of stroke.

The researchers highlighted the importance of choosing the type, dose and duration of treatment carefully, particularly for patients vulnerable to blood clots.

Dr Robert Storey, professor of cardiology at the University of Sheffield, who was not involved in the research, said the findings demonstrated the importance of ensuring cardiovascular risk factors were “well controlled” in women taking oral HRT.

He added: “The study emphasises the superior safety of patches over oral treatment.”

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