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Research reveals why women experience worse side effects from weight loss drugs

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A new report has uncovered significant biological differences between men and women in their response to popular weight loss medications like Ozempic and Zepbound, according to a recent study.

The report provides insights into why female patients, who make up 70 per cent of those taking GLP-1 drugs, experience more severe side effects despite achieving greater weight loss results.

With obesity affecting two billion people worldwide and the treatment market projected to reach $200 billion by 2031, these findings could change how medications are prescribed to millions of patients.

The study showed that women experience 2.5 times higher rates of nausea and vomiting compared to men when taking GLP-1 medications.

 

Researchers identified a biological explanation: female mice have nearly double the GLP-1 receptor expression in brain regions associated with nausea.

“This isn’t just about improving GLP-1 drugs – it’s about rethinking how we design future therapies for real-world patients from the start,” said David Tingley, co-founder and CEO of Olio Labs, which published the research this week,

The findings suggest that personalised dosing based on a woman’s menstrual cycle could reduce side effects and discontinuation rates.

Researchers found that higher oestrogen levels correlate with more severe side effects, highlighting the role hormones play in medication response.

Founded in 2023 by neuroscientists and computational biologists, Olio Labs takes a different approach to drug development by focusing on whole-body systems rather than individual molecules.

Their Combination Design Engine (CoDE) platform analyses human medical records, biological data, and neural circuit maps to develop treatments tailored to specific populations.

Patricia Martin, Olio Labs advisor and former COO of Lilly Diabetes, said the company’s methodology combines a computational approach with validated preclinical models and real patient data to develop better treatments for specific populations.

“Their patient-first approach has potential to advance personalised medicine,” she said.

The company has secured £3.6m in funding from investors including Boom Capital, Overwater Ventures, Pioneer Fund, and Y Combinator.

“Obesity is one of the largest problems facing healthcare systems today, and Olio’s research will help millions of women have a better solution without the debilitating side effects,” said Kristina Simmons, founder and managing partner of Overwater Ventures.

As the obesity epidemic continues to grow globally, this research highlights the need for sex-specific approaches to medication development and administration.

This could mark a shift in how drugs are designed and prescribed in the future.

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Adolescent health

WUKA and Royal Yachting Association partner to support women and girls in sailing

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WUKA has announced a groundbreaking partnership with the Royal Yachting Association (RYA), including RYA Scotland and RYA Northern Ireland, supporting women and girls in sailing.

Building on WUKA’s growing #TackleAnything campaign – which has already reached thousands of girls across sports in the UK – this collaboration brings practical period solutions into sailing.

Together, WUKA and the RYA are committed to breaking down barriers so periods never limit confidence, participation, or performance on the water.

Ruby Raut, WUKA founder & CEO, said: “Partnering with the RYA has been incredibly important for us at WUKA.

“Sailing is an amazing way for women and girls to build confidence, and periods shouldn’t hold anyone back from enjoying the water or reaching their full potential.

“Through this partnership and our #TackleAnything campaign, we’re proud to provide practical solutions and innovative products that help female sailors feel comfortable, confident, and free to focus on learning, performing, and having fun.

“Breaking down barriers and supporting women to tackle anything — on land, at sea, and everywhere in between – has never felt more meaningful.”

WUKA, which stands for Wake-Up Kick Ass, shares the RYA’s commitment to inclusivity and empowerment.

In 2023, WUKA launched #TackleAnything, a campaign supporting women, girls and sportspeople with periods. Since its launch, the initiative has reached 3,576 girls across 46 clubs and partnered with a range of sports across the UK – from Scottish Gymnastics to Titans wheelchair basketball – helping young athletes play without limits and stay confident, comfortable, and in the game.

The brand offers period-friendly aquatic apparel and practical solutions that help women train and compete with freedom of movement and total assurance.

Through this partnership, WUKA will provide innovative period swimwear for young sailors across key RYA programmes, including the NI Sailing Team, the RYA Scotland Performance Pathway Programme, and the British Sailing Pathways Talent Academies.

By combining WUKA’s mission to challenge stigma with the RYA’s commitment to inclusion, the partnership ensures young sailors can focus on what matters most – learning, performing, and enjoying their time on the water – with confidence and comfort. RYA members will also receive a 10 per cent discount on WUKA products.

Sailing offers incredible benefits for women and girls, but time on the water can present unique challenges -particularly during menstruation.

Together, WUKA and the RYA are providing practical solutions that remove these barriers, helping young sailors participate fully and confidently in the sport.

Sara Sutcliffe, RYA CEO, said: “At the RYA, we have been making strides to break down barriers for women of all ages to help ensure they can experience the water in a supportive and positive environment.

“From education workshops and practical sessions, we want to make sure our female sailors are empowered and this partnership is another great example of how we can demonstrate possible tools to equip them to succeed”.

This partnership is part of the RYA’s wider commitment to making sailing a sport where women and girls can thrive. Alongside initiatives such as the Female Futures Group, the Women’s Race Officials Programme and all new Talent Academy Female Future’s Camps; it demonstrates a continued focus on removing barriers and creating meaningful opportunities across every stage of the sailing.

WUKA’s involvement ensures that practical solutions are available on the water, from innovative period swimwear to support resources, helping young sailors feel fully equipped and confident during training and competition.

By integrating these tools into RYA programmes, WUKA brings a new level of comfort and assurance to female athletes, allowing them to focus entirely on performance, enjoyment, and growth in the sport.

For any women and girls looking to learn more about sailing, visit www.rya.org.uk.

For more information on WUKA visit www.wuka.co.uk.

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Insight

Study links changing population to low London screening rates

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London’s shifting population is holding down breast screening uptake, experts have said, with the capital at 62.8 per cent in 2024, below the NHS’s acceptable 70 per cent threshold.

The London Assembly Health Committee recently heard that the capital faces distinct challenges compared with the rest of the country and that these issues must be addressed.

Josephine Ruwende, a cancer screening lead at NHS England, said frequent moves within the rented sector and the cost-of-living crisis pushing people out of London had made it difficult to reach eligible patients, which she described as “population churn”.

She said: “This is people changing addresses and then not updating their GP, this then affects the invitation process because GP details are used to identify individuals who are eligible.

“In boroughs where we have the highest population churn, we see it strongly associated with lower uptake.”

She noted that even in the wealthiest boroughs there can be high levels of movement, with around 40 per cent of residents changing address within a year.

Such areas also tend to have more people who own second homes or spend long periods abroad, making it harder for the NHS to keep contact details up to date.

As a result, screening invitations may be sent to out-of-date addresses or to people who are overseas.

Leeane Graham, advocacy lead at Black Women Rising, which supports women of colour with a cancer diagnosis, said there were cultural barriers, fear and a mistrust of the health service due to previous experience within communities.

She said: “If you’ve never been for a breast screening before, the thought of having a mammogram can be really, really terrifying.”

Helen Dickens, from Breast Cancer Now, said other reasons included a lack of understanding of breast screening, along with concerns about discomfort, trust and practical issues such as travel.

She said: “We have amazing public transport and we feel that we’ve got great accessibility, but we also know that we don’t have screening centres in every borough.

“We know that for some women that barrier of transport and access will still be a really big reason why they’re not attending screenings.”

NHS London launched its first screening campaign last year in response to the figures, aiming to increase detection at an earlier stage.

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Ageing

Mediterranean diet lowers stroke risk in women, study finds

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Following a Mediterranean diet is linked to a lower risk of stroke in women, a large cohort study suggests.

Women with the highest adherence were 18 per cent less likely to experience any stroke, including a 16 per cent lower risk of ischaemic stroke and a 25 per cent lower risk of haemorrhagic stroke.

Ischaemic stroke happens when blood flow to part of the brain is blocked. Haemorrhagic stroke is caused by bleeding in the brain.

Study author Sophia Wang of City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center said: “Our findings support the mounting evidence that a healthy diet is critical to stroke prevention.

“We were especially interested to see that this finding applies to haemorrhagic stroke, as few large studies have looked at this type of stroke.”

The study involved 105,614 women, average age 53 at the start, with no history of stroke.

Participants completed a diet questionnaire and received a score from zero to nine based on adherence.

Researchers at City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center in Duarte, California followed participants for an average of 21 years.

During that time, 4,083 strokes occurred, including 3,358 ischaemic and 725 haemorrhagic events.

The Mediterranean pattern features high intake of vegetables, legumes, fruits, fish and healthy fats such as olive oil, and a lower intake of dairy products, red meat and saturated fats.

After adjusting for smoking, physical activity and high blood pressure, those in the highest adherence group were 18 per cent less likely to have a stroke than those in the lowest group.

They were 16 per cent less likely to have an ischaemic stroke and 25 per cent less likely to have a haemorrhagic stroke.

Wang said: “Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability, so it’s exciting to think that improving our diets could lessen our risk for this devastating diseas.

“Further studies are needed to confirm these findings and to help us understand the mechanisms behind them so we could identify new ways to prevent stroke.”

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