New research suggests sleep disorders in postmenopausal women may raise the risk of hypertension — abnormally high blood pressure.

Postmenopausal women tend to have poorer blood pressure control than men of the same age, partly due to falling oestrogen.

They also report more sleep problems, including short sleep, trouble sleeping or obstructive sleep apnoea (when breathing repeatedly stops and starts during sleep).

A study of more than 3,500 naturally postmenopausal women examined links between sleep-related disorders and the odds of hypertension.

The study found that trouble sleeping and obstructive sleep apnoea were associated with higher odds of hypertension.

It also suggested a U-shaped pattern for sleep duration — both too little and too much sleep were linked with increased risk.

A subgroup analysis indicated body mass index played a role, with stronger effects seen in women with obesity.

The findings highlight the value of sleep health and weight management in reducing hypertension risk in this group.

Dr Monica Christmas, associate medical director for The Menopause Society, said: “Although it isn’t possible to determine causality or which came first—sleep dysfunction or hypertension—the study findings raise awareness around the importance of improving sleep quality and optimal weight management during and after the menopause transition as key factors in mitigating long-term cardiovascular risk.”

Sleep is fundamental to cardiovascular health, and women after the menopause commonly report difficulty getting adequate rest.

Despite a research gap focused specifically on postmenopausal women, evidence increasingly supports sleep disturbance as a substantial, often undervalued, risk factor.

Women with intellectual disabilities could receive added monitoring for breast cancer with the development of a smart textiles bra by researchers at Nottingham Trent University (NTU) and the University of Glasgow (UofG).

Funded by Cancer Research UK, a team of scientists and designers are developing an electronic textile which would fit inside a bra and monitor whether a tumour is growing in real time, before alerting clinicians to potential risks.

Although women with intellectual disabilities have a lower incidence of breast cancer, they face significantly higher mortality rates due to barriers in accessing current screening methods.

The research is led by Professor Yang Wei of the Nottingham School of Art & Design (NSA&D) and Professor Deborah Cairns, director of SLDO (UofG).

Professor Wei said: “Breast cancer can develop over time, and while some types grow quickly, others may progress slowly, making early detection critical for improving survival outcomes.

“This technology has the potential to save women’s lives by detecting tumours early, while being used as an added measure alongside all other normal checks and scans.”

“As MRI scans can be months apart, patients could be given better peace of mind by knowing that any growth between monitoring appointments would be picked up.

“We hope in the future that this technology could reduce the need for many other checks, such as MRI, ultrasound and mammograms, and in doing so create efficiencies for health services.”

The research is being developed at NTU’s Medical Technologies Innovation Facility (MTIF) and the Scottish Learning Disabilities Observatory (SLDO) at UofG, with an investment of around £100,000 from Cancer Research UK.

The technology uses a form of electrical current that can scan to spot subtle differences in body tissues.

Because tumours tend to be denser and hold less water than healthy areas, the device can help differentiate them.

The technology has the potential to detect growths as little as 5mm – enabling earlier detection and triggering other scans to be taken, such as MRI.

The device would record data and provide feedback via smartphone to the wearer, carers and clinicians so that assessments can be made.

It will be co-designed with input from women with intellectual disabilities, carers, and healthcare professionals to ensure usability and effectiveness.

The research team says there’s potential for the technology to be developed as part of a new bra altogether, as well as an insert.

Cancer Research UK figures show, there are 56,900 new cases of breast cancer in the UK every year, with around 11,200 breast cancer deaths.

Research information manager at Cancer Research UK, Dr Dani Skirrow, said: “Over the past 50 years, our work has helped to nearly double breast cancer survival in the UK.

“We’re committed to making sure everyone shares in this progress equally, regardless of who they are, where they’re from or what type of cancer they have.

“The ‘Smart Bra’ has the potential to make breast cancer screening more accessible so that more people can benefit from it.

“This would help us to detect more breast cancers at the earliest stage, when treatments are most likely to work.

“We’re supporting our scientists to develop innovative technologies like the ‘Smart Bra’ to make sure the benefits of research are shared by everyone.”