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Start-up raises US$2m to develop “novel” contraceptive device

The device consists of three magnetic units that are inserted individually into the uterus and self-assemble into a triangle

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The US clinical development company 3Daughters has raised over US$2m in funding to develop a “novel” contraceptive device.

Massachusetts-based 3Daughters has developed a frameless delivery platform, based on physics and geometry, for targeted therapy directly into the uterus. Its copper IUD is the first product resulting from the technology.

The device consists of three magnetic units that are inserted individually into the uterus and self-assemble into a triangle which delivers copper to the uterus for contraception. It is removed by using a retriever with a magnetic tip that attracts the units, making the removal less painful.

The system, 3Daughters argues, could be capable of eliminating a number of “pain points” that keep women from getting an IUD.

Commenting on the funding, Mary Beth Cicero, co-founder and CEO of 3Daughters, said: “We are thrilled to have garnered such strong support from our existing and new investors, all of whom share our vision of solving health issues for women.

“This investment marks the next chapter for 3Daughters and allows us to execute our streamlined development plans to move into the clinic. With this funding, we are getting closer to our promise to address significant and neglected issues, like IUD insertion pain, that women have been putting up with for over 50 years.”

She added:”We aim to bring in an additional US$1m to close the planned US$3m seed financing round by the first quarter of 2024.”

According to Cicero, proceeds from the funding, led by Thairm Bio with participation from the Argosy Foundation and Wexford Science and Technology, will be used to advance the device through an Investigational New Drug Application (IND) filing and a phase 1 clinical trial.

Mark Bamforth, founder of Thairm Bio, said: “The lack of innovation in women’s health and the significant need 3Daughters is addressing drew me to this investment. It is clear that women’s health gets overlooked from an investment perspective and I want to be a part in changing that dynamic.

“Given the apparent urgency for new and effective contraceptive options and the pain women experience with IUDs, I recognised the need and formed an investment vehicle with my colleagues to help fund this important innovation for women.”

Emily Van Dunk, executive director of the Argosy Foundation, said: “Supporting 3Daughters aligns with our vision of empowering people and making a positive impact on communities globally.

“The recent changes in reproductive rights have strengthened our resolve to continue funding access to contraceptives, and we continue to support advancing women’s health with our investment in 3Daughters.

“We believe in the transformative potential of the 3Daughters novel IUD to make a significant impact for women.”

Thomas Osha, executive vice president at Wexford Science & Technology, added: “We were attracted by the innovative technology of a frameless uterine delivery platform and the significant market need of addressing IUD insertion pain.

“3Daughters has an outstanding scientific advisory board and through this partnership, we will provide access to Wexford’s substantial network of university talent, industry experts and strategic partners, as well as resources to help them scale and grow even faster.

“The 3Daughters team’s commitment to innovation for women, solid operational, scientific and executive leadership, and, most importantly, the potential for positive impact on women’s health make this investment an exciting venture for us.”

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Insight

Topical HRT protects bone density in women with period loss – study

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Transdermal HRT best protects bone density in women with functional hypothalamic amenorrhoea, a condition that stops periods, a review of trials has found.

The meta-analysis pooled randomised clinical trials involving 692 participants and found transdermal hormone replacement therapy and teriparatide increased bone mineral density by between 2 and 13 per cent.

Functional hypothalamic amenorrhoea can follow anorexia or intense exercise. Bone mineral density measures bone strength and the amount of mineral in bone.

Around half of women with the condition have low bone mineral density, compared with about 1 per cent of healthy women, and their fracture risk is up to seven times higher.

The research was conducted by scientists at Imperial College London and Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust.

Professor Alexander Comninos, senior author of the study and consultant endocrinologist at the trust, said: “Bone density is lost very rapidly in FHA and so addressing bone health early is very important to reduce the lifelong risk of fractures.

“Our study provides much needed comparisons of all the available treatments from all available studies.

“Clearly the best treatment is to restore normal menstrual cycles and therefore oestrogen levels through various psychological, nutritional or exercise interventions – but that is not always possible.

“The foundation for bone health is good calcium and vitamin D intake (through diet and/or supplements) but we have additional treatments that are more effective.”

When FHA is diagnosed, clinicians first try to restore periods through lifestyle measures, including psychological and dietary support, but these can fail. Guidelines then recommend giving oestrogen, though the best form was unclear.

The team reviewed all prior randomised trials comparing therapies, including oral and transdermal oestrogen, and also assessed teriparatide, a prescription bone-building drug used for severe osteoporosis.

They found no significant benefit for oral contraceptive pills or oral hormone therapy.

A recent UK audit reported that about a quarter of women with anorexia-related FHA are prescribed the oral contraceptive pill for bone loss; the study suggests using transdermal therapy instead.

Comninos said: “Our goal is simple: to help women receive the right treatment sooner and to protect their bone health in the long-term.

“We hope this study provides clinicians with better evidence to choose transdermal oestrogen when prescribing oestrogen and so inform future practice guidelines.

“Right now, millions of women with FHA may not be receiving the best treatments for their bone health.”

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Insight

AI cuts interval breast cancers in Swedish trial

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An AI tool cut interval breast cancers by 12 per cent in a Swedish screening trial of more than 105,000 women.

The study also found 27 per cent fewer aggressive breast cancers detected at screening when AI was used.

Interval cancers are cancers found between routine screening appointments because they were missed at the original scan. They are often more dangerous and linked to higher death rates than cancers found at screening.

The MASAI trial is described as the first large randomised study to test whether AI can improve mammography screening, which uses low-dose X-rays to examine breast tissue for signs of cancer.

The AI tool, called Transpara Detection and developed by ScreenPoint Medical, supported radiologists in analysing mammography images.

Earlier results from the same trial showed that Transpara Detection increased cancers found by 29 per cent and reduced radiologist workload by 44 per cent compared with standard double-reading, where two radiologists independently review each scan.

The latest findings indicate higher accuracy with AI support. Sensitivity, the ability to detect cancer, was 6.7 percentage points higher in the AI group while specificity, the ability to rule out healthy cases, was maintained. Results were similar across age groups and breast density levels.

Women screened with AI had 16 per cent fewer invasive interval cancers and 21 per cent fewer large interval cancers than those in the standard screening group.

The system also helps doctors assess risk more precisely by subdividing suspicious findings into BI-RADS 4 categories A, B and C. BI-RADS (Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System) is a standardised scale that guides whether a patient needs closer monitoring, further tests or treatment.

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Mental health

Fear of ageing may age women faster, study suggests

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Ageing anxiety may accelerate biological ageing in women, with fears about worsening health linked to faster epigenetic ageing, according to new research.

The study found that greater anxiety about growing old was associated with accelerated epigenetic ageing, as measured by the DunedinPACE clock, based on biological markers in blood samples.

Epigenetic changes are shifts in how genes are switched on or off without altering DNA itself, which can influence how the body ages and functions.

“Our research suggests that subjective experiences may be driving objective measures of ageing,” said Mariana Rodrigues, a PhD student and the first author of the study.

“Ageing-related anxiety is not merely a psychological concern, but may leave a mark on the body with real health consequences.”

Researchers analysed data from 726 women in the Midlife in the US study.

Participants were asked how much they worried about becoming less attractive with age, having more health issues and being too old to have children.

Blood samples were used to assess ageing with two epigenetic clocks: DunedinPACE, which estimates the pace of biological ageing, and GrimAge2, which estimates cumulative biological damage.

The study was conducted by researchers at NYU School of Global Public Health.

Worrying about declining health showed the strongest links with epigenetic ageing, while anxiety about attractiveness and fertility was not significantly associated with biological markers.

The authors suggest health worries are more common and persist over time, whereas concerns about appearance and reproduction may fade with age.

“Women in midlife may also be multiple in roles, including caring for their ageing parents,” Rodrigues said.

“As they see older family members grow older and become sick, they may worry about whether the same thing will happen to them.”

The authors caution that the study offers a snapshot in time and other factors may influence these biological changes.

When analyses were adjusted for health behaviours such as smoking and alcohol use, the link between ageing anxiety and epigenetic ageing decreased and was no longer significant.

“Our research identifies ageing anxiety as a measurable and modifiable psychological determinant that seems to be shaping ageing biology,” said Adolfo Cuevas, associate professor of social and behavioural sciences and the study’s senior author.

They call for more research to clarify how this anxiety influences ageing over time, to guide support for those experiencing ageing anxiety.

“Ageing is a universal experience.” Rodrigues said.

“We need to start a discourse about how we as a society, through our norms, structural factors and interpersonal relationships, address the challenges of ageing.”

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