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Mental health

Pandemic disrupted women’s health more than men’s, study finds

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Women experienced greater declines in mental and physical health than men during the Covid-19 pandemic, new research has found.

They reported eating fruit less frequently, smaller reductions in alcohol consumption and a sharper rise in psychological distress compared to men over the same period.

Before the pandemic, women appeared to benefit more from healthy lifestyle habits in relation to mental wellbeing than men. However, this protective link weakened significantly for women during the pandemic, while remaining consistent for men.

Professor Paul McNamee from the University of Aberdeen, who led the study, said: “We found that women reported poorer overall changes in health behaviours than men during the pandemic.

“Specifically, women reported fewer days of fruit consumption and smaller reductions in alcohol intake.

“We also found that psychological distress increased for both women and men during the pandemic, with women experiencing a greater rise.”

Researchers analysed Understanding Society national data covering January 2015 to March 2023, comparing health behaviours and mental wellbeing before and after the onset of the pandemic.

The study looked at fruit and vegetable intake, alcohol use and levels of physical activity. It also measured psychological distress – a term used to describe emotional suffering that makes daily functioning more difficult.

Both men and women reported increases in psychological distress, but the rise was more pronounced among women.

Prior to the pandemic, healthy behaviours appeared to offer greater protective benefits for women’s mental health than for men’s.

During the pandemic, this link became stronger for men but was no longer significant for women.

Dr Karen Arulsamy of Duke-NUS Medical School said: “The adverse changes in women’s health behaviours compared to men persist through to May 2023, suggesting longer-term effects were likely worsened by financial pressures during this period. It’s important we keep tracking these trends.”

Dr Silvia Mendolia of the University of Turin added: “Our study also shows that the pandemic considerably weakened the protective effect of health behaviours on mental health for women but not for men.

“For women, adopting a healthy lifestyle was strongly correlated with mental health before the pandemic, but this relationship was no longer significant during the pandemic.”

The researchers say women from lower socio-economic backgrounds with caregiving responsibilities faced particular challenges in maintaining healthy habits during periods of high stress, as their ability to remain socially engaged was more limited.

Professor McNamee said: “Although conducted using data before and during the pandemic, these findings still have relevance today – they suggest that at times of heightened stress, women from lower socio-economic backgrounds with caregiving responsibilities that limit their ability to maintain levels of social engagement face more challenges in engaging in healthier behaviours.

“Therefore, targeted interventions such as social prescribing, accessible through referral from primary care providers and other voluntary agencies, could be made more widely available.”

Social prescribing involves healthcare professionals referring people to non-medical services and community-based activities to improve health and wellbeing.

Fertility

Baby2Home app boosts new mothers’ mental health

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First-time mothers using the Baby2Home app for a year after birth reported fewer symptoms of stress, depression and anxiety than those receiving usual postpartum care.

The study found women randomised to the app reported better overall health than first-time mothers who received usual care alone.

Baby2Home is a digital tool to help new families with newborn care and staying healthy.

It offers tailored educational content, infant care trackers and mental health self-management tools, plus access to a care manager for on-demand mental health and problem-solving support.

Emily S. Miller is principal investigator and division director of maternal-fetal medicine at Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island.

She said: “Evidence-based digital tools like Baby2Home are opening the door to a new era of postpartum care.

“We can now extend high-quality support beyond hospital walls and into families’ everyday lives. The mental health improvements we saw underscore just how transformational that support can be.”

Researchers from Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Northwestern University’s Feinberg School of Medicine and Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago ran a multi-site randomised controlled trial between November 2022 and July 2025.

The trial enrolled 642 postpartum patients, all first-time parents. For 12 months after birth, all participants received usual postpartum care; half also used the Baby2Home smartphone app.

Participants reported progress electronically at five time points over the first year. Compared with the control group, those assigned to Baby2Home reported significantly fewer symptoms of stress, depression and anxiety.

They also reported better overall health, higher relationship satisfaction with partners and family members, and greater confidence in their parenting than the control group.

Miller said: “The first year after birth is a critical period for parental mental health. Baby2Home helped new parents feel more confident, more supported and more connected.

“That translated into better health outcomes for them and their families.”

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Mental health

The $128b paradox: Corporate wellness vs women’s burnout

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By Katrina Zalcmane, co-founder | partnerships and growth, Véa

The global corporate wellness market reached US$70.65 billion in 2024 and is projected to hit US$128 billion by 2033 – Europe leads the charge, capturing over 39.5 per cent of market share.

Meanwhile, femtech investment hit US$2.2 billion in 2024, representing 8.5 per cent of all digital health funding.

The message is clear: companies recognise that employee wellness matters and women’s health technology is finally getting serious investment.

So why are women still drowning?

In the UK, 91 per cent of adults report experiencing high or extreme stress levels – despite consumers spending an average of US$3,342 annually on wellness and self-care.

60 per cent of women in leadership positions report feeling constantly burned out, while 69 per cent of women feel emotionally drained after every workday.

Around 1 in 4 working women say they can’t manage workplace stress, with only 44 per cent confident their employer even has a burnout plan.

The numbers don’t add up. Billions flowing into wellness programmes. A femtech revolution promising personalised solutions.

And yet women ages 25-45 – the backbone of the modern workforce – are hitting crisis levels of exhaustion.

The problem isn’t a lack of investment – it’s what we’re investing in.

The Mismatch: What Companies Offer vs What Women Actually Need

Health risk assessments captured 21.2 per cent of the European corporate wellness market in 2024, while stress management programmes hold 13 per cent market share and continue expanding.

Companies are checking boxes: biometric screenings, mental health apps, flexible work, meditation subscriptions.

Yet these programmes consistently miss three critical factors:

1. Emotional data is invisible

Modern workplaces reward thinking, problem-solving and constant cognitive output.

What gets lost is the intelligence that comes from recognising early warning signals in the body – somatic indicators that burnout is building long before it becomes visible.

Women are taught to “think through” stress rather than listen to what their bodies are telling them. By the time burnout shows up in productivity metrics or sick days, the damage is done.

2. Hormonal rhythms are ignored

Corporate wellness assumes constant, linear productivity.

But women’s bodies don’t work that way. Menstrual cycles, perimenopause, fertility journeys – all create natural energy fluctuations that impact focus, stress response and cognitive performance.

Instead of working with these rhythms, most women fight against them, blaming themselves for “productivity dips” that are actually biological.

The result is chronic disconnection from their bodies and accelerated burnout.

3. Emotional labour stays uncounted

Women carry disproportionate loads of invisible work – managing team dynamics, mentoring, smoothing conflicts, holding space for others’ stress.

This labour never appears on performance reviews or workload assessments.

It accumulates beneath the surface until women hit a wall.

The Cost of Getting It Wrong

In the UK, mental health-related absences cost the economy approximately £21.6 billion annually, with employees taking 34 million sick days each year due to stress, depression and anxiety.

Employee burnout costs an average 1,000-person company US$5.04 million per year globally. Burned-out employees are 6 times more likely to leave, costing companies 50-200 per cent of salary in recruiting and training.

For women specifically, the crisis deepens.

Women new to leadership report 70 per cent burnout rates; for women of colour in senior positions, it reaches 77 per cent..

Nearly 40 per cent of women actively seeking new jobs cite burnout as the primary reason.

Replacing a mid- or senior-level woman costs up to 213 per cent of her annual salary.

We’re not just losing individual contributors but hemorrhaging the women leaders who hold institutional knowledge, mentor the next generation and drive diversity initiatives.

What Needs to Change

Instead of more generic wellness programs, we need to fundamentally rethink how we support women at work.

1. Shift from crisis response to prevention

Only 44 per cent of women feel confident their employer has a burnout plan – but by then, you’ve already lost.

Companies must teach women to recognise burnout signals in their bodies before a crisis hits. Somatic awareness catches exhaustion early, when intervention still works.

2. Design work around cyclical energy, not constant output

Women need organisational cultures that acknowledge hormonal rhythms as legitimate biological factors affecting performance.

This means training managers to understand energy fluctuations and designing workloads that account for them instead of just offering “flexible arrangements”.

3. Make invisible labour visible

Emotional labor must be quantified, acknowledged and redistributed.

This requires new frameworks for measuring contributions beyond traditional output metrics and structural changes preventing this work from defaulting to women.

4. Prioritise personalisation over one-size-fits-all

Workforce wellness now centres on personalisation powered by AI and data analytics.

A 27-year-old establishing her career has completely different needs than a 42-year-old navigating perimenopause while caring for ageing parents.

AI-driven platforms can deliver tailored support – virtual health assistants, personalised insights, telemedicine – making care more accessible for women balancing careers, family and wellness.

The Opportunity

Closing the women’s health gap could add at least $1 trillion annually to the global economy by 2040.

But unlocking that value requires interventions addressing burnout’s root causes, not just symptoms.

The market is already voting.

Virtual workplace wellness programmes saw substantial growth following the pandemic and Europe continues leading corporate wellness investment.

Companies in the UK and France are implementing AI-driven burnout assessments, hybrid wellness platforms and data-driven mental health monitoring.

Still, investment alone isn’t enough.

The question isn’t whether companies will spend on women’s wellness – they already are.

The question is whether they’ll invest in solutions that actually work: reconnecting women with somatic intelligence before burnout becomes visible, designing around hormonal rhythms rather than fighting them and making invisible labour visible so it can be redistributed.

The companies that do will win the talent war.

The ones that don’t will keep wondering why their best women keep leaving.

About Véa Workshops

Véa offers evidence-based corporate wellness workshops designed specifically for women professionals, addressing the root causes of burnout that traditional programs miss.

Grounded in neuroscience, psychology and somatic awareness, Véa workshops focus on prevention rather than crisis response – teaching women to recognise emotional data and somatic signals, work sustainably with hormonal rhythms and make invisible labor visible.

Available in formats from 45-minute executive sessions to half-day leadership offsites, these workshops support sustainable performance without asking women to step back from ambition.

Learn more at veajournal.app/workshops.

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Mental health

Fear of ageing may age women faster, study suggests

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Ageing anxiety may accelerate biological ageing in women, with fears about worsening health linked to faster epigenetic ageing, according to new research.

The study found that greater anxiety about growing old was associated with accelerated epigenetic ageing, as measured by the DunedinPACE clock, based on biological markers in blood samples.

Epigenetic changes are shifts in how genes are switched on or off without altering DNA itself, which can influence how the body ages and functions.

“Our research suggests that subjective experiences may be driving objective measures of ageing,” said Mariana Rodrigues, a PhD student and the first author of the study.

“Ageing-related anxiety is not merely a psychological concern, but may leave a mark on the body with real health consequences.”

Researchers analysed data from 726 women in the Midlife in the US study.

Participants were asked how much they worried about becoming less attractive with age, having more health issues and being too old to have children.

Blood samples were used to assess ageing with two epigenetic clocks: DunedinPACE, which estimates the pace of biological ageing, and GrimAge2, which estimates cumulative biological damage.

The study was conducted by researchers at NYU School of Global Public Health.

Worrying about declining health showed the strongest links with epigenetic ageing, while anxiety about attractiveness and fertility was not significantly associated with biological markers.

The authors suggest health worries are more common and persist over time, whereas concerns about appearance and reproduction may fade with age.

“Women in midlife may also be multiple in roles, including caring for their ageing parents,” Rodrigues said.

“As they see older family members grow older and become sick, they may worry about whether the same thing will happen to them.”

The authors caution that the study offers a snapshot in time and other factors may influence these biological changes.

When analyses were adjusted for health behaviours such as smoking and alcohol use, the link between ageing anxiety and epigenetic ageing decreased and was no longer significant.

“Our research identifies ageing anxiety as a measurable and modifiable psychological determinant that seems to be shaping ageing biology,” said Adolfo Cuevas, associate professor of social and behavioural sciences and the study’s senior author.

They call for more research to clarify how this anxiety influences ageing over time, to guide support for those experiencing ageing anxiety.

“Ageing is a universal experience.” Rodrigues said.

“We need to start a discourse about how we as a society, through our norms, structural factors and interpersonal relationships, address the challenges of ageing.”

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