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Can femtech bridge the gap and meet the needs of dual diagnosis care?

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Femtech is helping women better understand their bodies and make positive changes to improve their health. In this article, we will explore how Femtech is bridging the gap between physical and mental health and supporting dual diagnosis care.

What is Dual Diagnosis Care?

Dual diagnosis care is a specific treatment that helps individuals who are struggling with both a mental health condition and a substance abuse disorder. Dual diagnosis care can support conditions and disorders such as:

Co-occurring Disorders

This is where a person’s mental health condition and drug or alcohol problem occur together.

Mental Health Conditions

Mental health is a very real threat to wellbeing and quality of life. Conditions like schizophrenia, anxiety, and depression can greatly impact a person’s life.

Substance Misuse

This disorder encompasses individuals who have issues with drugs, alcohol, or both.

The interplay between mental illness and substance abuse can be complicated. Oftentimes, both are closely entwined; one condition might have led to the other or might make the other condition worse. As such, you can’t deal with one without having to deal with the other.

How Does a Diagnosis Become a Dual Diagnosis?

According to Giles Fourie, Director and Co-owner of White River Manor, “Many people diagnosed with a substance use disorder (SUD) are also suffering from a co-existing mental health or behavioural disorder.

This is known as a dual diagnosis. It is also commonly referred to as comorbidity, or co-occurring mental health and substance use disorder.”

There are many ways one issue can worsen into multiple, particularly when it comes to the intricate balance between mental health and wellbeing and physical health.

Here are a few of the most common ways that a single diagnosis can become a dual diagnosis:

How One Diagnosis Can Become Two
Self-medication

When a person is diagnosed with a mental health condition, for example, they are sometimes prescribed medication to help manage their symptoms.

Unfortunately, out of desperation, some people may abuse these prescriptions or turn to stronger forms of substance abuse in an attempt to alleviate their symptoms.

This can lead to regular substance abuse, worsening mental health, and sometimes the onset of a mental disorder.

Substance Use

Misuse of substances can trigger mental health conditions or exacerbate mental health struggles that were already present. And long-term substance abuse can cause a person to develop a mental disorder.

Shared Risk Factors
Family Genetics

Some people come from families prone to mental health conditions or substance abuse disorders. This means some people are more genetically predisposed to facing mental health or substance abuse challenges than others.

The Brain’s Influence

The brain can have a strong influence on a person’s predisposition to substance abuse. For those with a pre-existing mental health condition, substance abuse can potentially feel more rewarding and enjoyable, dramatically increasing the likelihood of increased use in the future.

Environmental Factors

For individuals who experienced excessive stress, trauma, or abuse in early childhood, there is often an increased risk of developing a substance abuse disorder or a mental health condition.

Individual Factors

Everyone is different and influenced or affected by different things. There can be many reasons why a person develops a mental health condition or turn to substance abuse. Some of the most common reasons include:

Low Self-Esteem

People with low self-esteem are more likely to turn to drugs or alcohol as a way to feel better about themselves and increase their confidence. Prolonged substance abuse can result in a reliance on substances to feel ‘normal’.

Lack of Medical Treatment or Professional Support

Unfortunately, many people (women in particular) lack the correct treatment and support needed to manage their health conditions helpfully. When medical conditions are left undiagnosed or untreated, this can lead to frustration and upset, sometimes resulting in substance abuse or mental health struggles.

Prenatal Exposure

Foetuses exposed to drugs, alcohol, or other toxins in the womb are more likely to partake in substance abuse and/or develop a mental health condition during their lifetime.

As you can see, dual diagnosis disorders are complex and often result in a number of factors intertwining, from genetic predispositions and environmental influences to psychological factors and lack of support.

It can be hard to identify which condition came first in many cases. As such, both must be dealt with and treated simultaneously.

How Femtech is Meeting the Needs of Dual Diagnosis Care

Femtech stands for “Female Technology” and refers to the use of technology, such as apps, to address women’s physical and mental health needs. Femtech has a wide reach and touches on most areas of female health and wellbeing, from menstrual cycles, fertility, pregnancy, and menopause to digital therapeutics and counselling.

It’s a beautiful thing; empowering women to take control of their health. And Femtech is taking things even further by offering advanced tools that helpfully integrate mental health support with personalised tools to manage and track physical symptoms.

Let’s take a closer look.

Mental Health Integration and Care

More often than not, health struggles can affect mental wellbeing and vice versa. Understanding this intricate balance is important. Femtech for mental health integrates mental health care and wellbeing into health apps to provide:

Emotional Support

Having the opportunity to write out your symptoms, journal your thoughts, take part in guided medications, and gain access to mental health resources is invaluable. It’s helping countless women manage their mental health alongside their physical health.

Combined Tracking

Femtech is offering combined tracking capabilities where apps can track an individual’s mental wellbeing alongside their physical symptoms, showing how one can impact the other. This provides a well-rounded picture of health so that women can take proactive steps towards positive change.

Personalised Health Support

Once women have tracked how their mental health is affected by their physical health, and vice versa, they will have an accurate record that can be shared with a doctor or healthcare provider. This can provide health professionals with invaluable insights into a woman’s health, often supporting the treatment and future management of dual diagnosis disorders.

Improving Treatment for Dual Diagnosis Patients

Dual diagnosis can be a tricky area of medicine and one that is hard to treat without lots of knowledge about and understanding of the patient. Femtech is revolutionising dual diagnosis treatment through the provision of:

Personalised Treatment Plans

Dual diagnosis looks different for everyone. That’s why it’s so important to have a detailed and personalised treatment plan. Femtech can be utilised to provide valuable insights into a patient’s health journey, from both physical and mental perspectives, providing a well-rounded view into the patient’s world and supporting appropriate treatment plans.

Staying on Track

Once the treatment plan has been created, Femtech can support patients in staying on track with their treatments by providing medication reminders, tracking health progress, and offering resources for further support.

Improved Care Coordination

Organising care for a person with a dual diagnosis disorder can be challenging. Femtech supports this process by providing a more concise view into patient health and wellbeing so that patient communications can be clearly made and treatments can be appropriately suggested.

Can Femtech Bridge the Dual Diagnosis Care Gap?

Absolutely. Femtech is already revolutionising the world of medicine as we know it. Femtech allows women to take their health into their own hands, claim responsibility and control over their bodies, and have data-driven evidence that backs up their health concerns.

We are excited to see where Femtech goes and how it will continue to transform dual diagnosis care for so many.

 

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Insight

Topical HRT protects bone density in women with period loss – study

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Transdermal HRT best protects bone density in women with functional hypothalamic amenorrhoea, a condition that stops periods, a review of trials has found.

The meta-analysis pooled randomised clinical trials involving 692 participants and found transdermal hormone replacement therapy and teriparatide increased bone mineral density by between 2 and 13 per cent.

Functional hypothalamic amenorrhoea can follow anorexia or intense exercise. Bone mineral density measures bone strength and the amount of mineral in bone.

Around half of women with the condition have low bone mineral density, compared with about 1 per cent of healthy women, and their fracture risk is up to seven times higher.

The research was conducted by scientists at Imperial College London and Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust.

Professor Alexander Comninos, senior author of the study and consultant endocrinologist at the trust, said: “Bone density is lost very rapidly in FHA and so addressing bone health early is very important to reduce the lifelong risk of fractures.

“Our study provides much needed comparisons of all the available treatments from all available studies.

“Clearly the best treatment is to restore normal menstrual cycles and therefore oestrogen levels through various psychological, nutritional or exercise interventions – but that is not always possible.

“The foundation for bone health is good calcium and vitamin D intake (through diet and/or supplements) but we have additional treatments that are more effective.”

When FHA is diagnosed, clinicians first try to restore periods through lifestyle measures, including psychological and dietary support, but these can fail. Guidelines then recommend giving oestrogen, though the best form was unclear.

The team reviewed all prior randomised trials comparing therapies, including oral and transdermal oestrogen, and also assessed teriparatide, a prescription bone-building drug used for severe osteoporosis.

They found no significant benefit for oral contraceptive pills or oral hormone therapy.

A recent UK audit reported that about a quarter of women with anorexia-related FHA are prescribed the oral contraceptive pill for bone loss; the study suggests using transdermal therapy instead.

Comninos said: “Our goal is simple: to help women receive the right treatment sooner and to protect their bone health in the long-term.

“We hope this study provides clinicians with better evidence to choose transdermal oestrogen when prescribing oestrogen and so inform future practice guidelines.

“Right now, millions of women with FHA may not be receiving the best treatments for their bone health.”

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Insight

AI cuts interval breast cancers in Swedish trial

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An AI tool cut interval breast cancers by 12 per cent in a Swedish screening trial of more than 105,000 women.

The study also found 27 per cent fewer aggressive breast cancers detected at screening when AI was used.

Interval cancers are cancers found between routine screening appointments because they were missed at the original scan. They are often more dangerous and linked to higher death rates than cancers found at screening.

The MASAI trial is described as the first large randomised study to test whether AI can improve mammography screening, which uses low-dose X-rays to examine breast tissue for signs of cancer.

The AI tool, called Transpara Detection and developed by ScreenPoint Medical, supported radiologists in analysing mammography images.

Earlier results from the same trial showed that Transpara Detection increased cancers found by 29 per cent and reduced radiologist workload by 44 per cent compared with standard double-reading, where two radiologists independently review each scan.

The latest findings indicate higher accuracy with AI support. Sensitivity, the ability to detect cancer, was 6.7 percentage points higher in the AI group while specificity, the ability to rule out healthy cases, was maintained. Results were similar across age groups and breast density levels.

Women screened with AI had 16 per cent fewer invasive interval cancers and 21 per cent fewer large interval cancers than those in the standard screening group.

The system also helps doctors assess risk more precisely by subdividing suspicious findings into BI-RADS 4 categories A, B and C. BI-RADS (Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System) is a standardised scale that guides whether a patient needs closer monitoring, further tests or treatment.

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Mental health

Fear of ageing may age women faster, study suggests

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Ageing anxiety may accelerate biological ageing in women, with fears about worsening health linked to faster epigenetic ageing, according to new research.

The study found that greater anxiety about growing old was associated with accelerated epigenetic ageing, as measured by the DunedinPACE clock, based on biological markers in blood samples.

Epigenetic changes are shifts in how genes are switched on or off without altering DNA itself, which can influence how the body ages and functions.

“Our research suggests that subjective experiences may be driving objective measures of ageing,” said Mariana Rodrigues, a PhD student and the first author of the study.

“Ageing-related anxiety is not merely a psychological concern, but may leave a mark on the body with real health consequences.”

Researchers analysed data from 726 women in the Midlife in the US study.

Participants were asked how much they worried about becoming less attractive with age, having more health issues and being too old to have children.

Blood samples were used to assess ageing with two epigenetic clocks: DunedinPACE, which estimates the pace of biological ageing, and GrimAge2, which estimates cumulative biological damage.

The study was conducted by researchers at NYU School of Global Public Health.

Worrying about declining health showed the strongest links with epigenetic ageing, while anxiety about attractiveness and fertility was not significantly associated with biological markers.

The authors suggest health worries are more common and persist over time, whereas concerns about appearance and reproduction may fade with age.

“Women in midlife may also be multiple in roles, including caring for their ageing parents,” Rodrigues said.

“As they see older family members grow older and become sick, they may worry about whether the same thing will happen to them.”

The authors caution that the study offers a snapshot in time and other factors may influence these biological changes.

When analyses were adjusted for health behaviours such as smoking and alcohol use, the link between ageing anxiety and epigenetic ageing decreased and was no longer significant.

“Our research identifies ageing anxiety as a measurable and modifiable psychological determinant that seems to be shaping ageing biology,” said Adolfo Cuevas, associate professor of social and behavioural sciences and the study’s senior author.

They call for more research to clarify how this anxiety influences ageing over time, to guide support for those experiencing ageing anxiety.

“Ageing is a universal experience.” Rodrigues said.

“We need to start a discourse about how we as a society, through our norms, structural factors and interpersonal relationships, address the challenges of ageing.”

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